The Journal of Immunology

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag222. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag222. ABSTRACT The immune system initially protects hosts against viral pathogens, with chemokines guiding immune cell movement. However, their expression patterns and immune cell recruitment mechanisms during transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) infection are still not fully understood. Here, we identified a distinct chemokine expression profile in intestinal epithelial cells … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag218. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag218. ABSTRACT Golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) and ferret (Mustela putorius furo) are important animal models in studies of human infectious disease. They are used widely to investigate pathogen-spreading mechanisms and host immunology to evaluate the safety and efficacy of small molecules, biologic drugs and vaccines. To this end, immunoglobulin … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag226. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag226. ABSTRACT CCR2+ monocytes are recruited to sites of acute myocardial injury, where they play a critical role in clearing necrotic debris and replenishing the depleted resident macrophage population. Although this response is necessary for early tissue repair, prolonged activation of inflammatory pathways and persistent recruitment of CCR2+ monocytes … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag189. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag189. ABSTRACT COVID-19 continues to present ongoing global health challenges driven by diverse immune responses and heterogeneous clinical outcomes. The ACCORD trial evaluated 3 investigational treatments-bemcentinib, tozorakimab, and zilucoplan-in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, each of which has demonstrated clinical efficacy. To better understand their molecular mechanisms, we conducted a … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag217. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag217. ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious agent worldwide, yet the host pathways that regulate antigen presentation and lung inflammation during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection are incompletely defined. Sorting nexin 5 (SNX5) is a protein implicated in endosomal trafficking, antigen … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag206. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag206. ABSTRACT There is substantial interest in developing novel engineering strategies to promote the sustained metabolic fitness of therapeutic T cells. We previously showed that overexpression of RAS homologue enriched in brain (RHEB), a positive regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), promotes aerobic glycolysis and increases … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag215. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag215. ABSTRACT Adenine-thymine (AT)-rich interactive domain-containing protein 5a (Arid5a) is an RNA-binding protein (RBP) that post-transcriptionally stabilizes mRNAs encoding proinflammatory mediators, including Interleukin-6 (IL-6), thereby amplifying inflammation. However, structural basis and regulatory mechanisms of Arid5a function remain poorly defined. In this study, we identified and characterized a conserved allosteric … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag166. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag166. ABSTRACT Cancer patient-derived T cells often exhibit impaired activation and functional responsiveness due to chronic antigen exposure and therapy-induced immune dysregulation, limiting the efficacy of current immunotherapies. Mechanical forces, such as fluid shear stress (FSS), are emerging as critical regulators of immune cell activation, yet their role in … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkaf313. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf313. ABSTRACT COVID-19 is a disease triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and some individuals develop a severe form that can progress to multiple organ failure. Neutrophils have been described as responsible for the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The role of the elastase and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in NET release by … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag225. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag225. ABSTRACT Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) is a systemic autoimmune disease targeting muscle and extramuscular organs, but the molecular mechanisms driving IIM pathogenesis remain largely undefined. Muscle fibroblasts are central to orchestrating inflammation in myositis. Here, we investigated muscle fibroblast dynamics using a single-cell RNA sequencing approach in an … Read more