The Journal of Immunology

J Immunol. 2026 Jul 10;215(7):vkag193. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag193. ABSTRACT Polymyxins are cyclic cationic lipopeptide antibiotics that disrupt both the outer and inner membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. They also bind to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), thereby inhibiting LPS recognition by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and preventing macrophage activation. However, the immunomodulatory effects of polymyxin B during infection, in … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Jul 10;215(7):vkag182. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag182. ABSTRACT Endemic coronaviruses circulate seasonally and, while typically mild, can produce robust inflammation and severe pneumonia. Immunological memory to coronaviruses can be cross-reactive for multiple coronaviruses including OC43 and SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we used mouse models to investigate immune responses elicited by pulmonary infection with OC43. OC43 … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Jul 10;215(7):vkag167. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag167. ABSTRACT γδ T cells are associated with favorable outcomes in many cancers likely through a mechanism of stress-directed cytotoxicity and antitumor cytokine production. Vδ1 γδ T cells are especially promising for immunotherapy due to their broad stress recognition and resistance to activation-induced cell death. Here, we generate a … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Jul 10;215(7):vkag174. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag174. ABSTRACT Whole-body irradiation (WBI) consistently induces radiation-associated lymphopenia, a complication linked to poor prognosis and reduced overall survival. Understanding the quantitative and qualitative changes in naïve CD4 T cells after WBI is critical because these cells play key roles in both host defense and the propagation of autoimmunity. … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Jul 10;215(7):vkag104. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag104. NO ABSTRACT PMID:42437361 | DOI:10.1093/jimmun/vkag104

J Immunol. 2026 Jul 10;215(7):vkag171. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag171. ABSTRACT Anti-PD-1 monotherapy has shown a significant survival benefit for patients with advanced-stage melanoma. In this study, we explored whether long-term clinical benefit is determined by abundance or changes in such abundances of CD4 and CD8 T-cell subsets in blood. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 58 patients with … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Jul 10;215(7):vkag163. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag163. ABSTRACT Success of B cell depletion therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS), an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, places B cells and their functions center stage in efforts to fully understand pathogenesis. Historically, MS animal models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis have featured B cell-independent disease driven … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Jul 10;215(7):vkag183. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag183. ABSTRACT Chronic viral infections evade or suppress host immunity, posing risks to global human health. However, the underlying mechanisms of viral immune suppression are incompletely defined. Previously, we have demonstrated that sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) represses CD4+ T-cell immunity during lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) Clone 13 (Cl 13) … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Jul 10;215(7):vkag162. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag162. ABSTRACT Our group discovered a mutation in a French-Canadian family causing a severe and early-onset form of emphysema. The heterozygote mutation located in the PTPN6 gene causes an alanine to threonine switch near the catalytic site of SHP-1, leading to a reduction of its enzymatic activity. In this … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Jun 7;215(6):vkag155. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag155. ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus (SA), the most common cystic fibrosis (CF) respiratory pathogen, is uniquely capable of producing superantigen (SAg) exotoxins, which are recognized as the most potent activators of the immune system and inducers of inflammation. Although a high frequency of CF SA isolates can produce SA-SAgs, their … Read more