J Immunol. 2025 Aug 24:vkaf217. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf217. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT V(D)J recombination is constrained by timely degradation of the RAG1 and RAG2 proteins through distinct mechanisms. Previously, we showed that full-length RAG1 stability is regulated by viral protein R binding protein (VprBP) through its association with an amino-terminal region in RAG1, but the … Read more
J Immunol. 2025 Aug 24:vkaf205. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf205. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT While CD20 was initially characterized as a B cell-specific marker, its expression on memory T cells has expanded our understanding of this molecule’s distribution and function. Here, we identify a previously unrecognized CD20-expressing NK cell population and demonstrate its functional significance. CD56+CD20+ NK … Read more
J Immunol. 2025 Aug 22:vkaf180. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf180. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The pathomechanistic role of the complement system is well recognized in various pathological conditions affecting bone tissues and the bone microenvironment, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, bone fractures, and periodontitis. The homeostasis of the bone is maintained by continuous remodeling, in which bone-resorbing or … Read more
J Immunol. 2025 Aug 22:vkaf165. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf165. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT CD8 T cell exhaustion has been reported in mice susceptible to Toxoplasma gondii infection. While the differentiation of CD8 exhausted subsets has been extensively reported, most of these studies have been conducted in chronic viral and cancer models. During chronic T. gondii infection, … Read more
J Immunol. 2025 Aug 22:vkaf195. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf195. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Lyme disease (LD) is the most common vector-borne disease in the northern hemisphere and is caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (also known as Lyme borreliae) with no effective prevention available. Lyme borreliae evade complement killing, a critical arm of host … Read more
J Immunol. 2025 Aug 21:vkaf183. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf183. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Accurate identification of immune cell subsets in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data is critical for understanding immune responses in autoimmune diseases, infections, and cancer. One caveat of scRNA-seq is the inability to properly assign rare immune cell subsets due to gene dropout events. … Read more
J Immunol. 2025 Aug 20:vkaf179. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf179. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Bcl11b is a zinc-finger transcription factor that is required for the differentiation of αβ T cells. A role for BCL11B in the regulation of human natural killer (NK) cell maturation has been inferred from patients with heterozygous mutations in BCL11B. However, mechanistic and … Read more
J Immunol. 2025 Aug 20:vkaf201. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf201. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT C-terminal to LisH (CTLH) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes regulate a broad range of biological processes and forms separate supramolecular CTLH-MKLN1 and CTLH-WDR26 assemblies possessing distinct substrate specificities. Our previous work revealed that the CTLH complex utilizes the FAM72A substrate adaptor to ubiquitinate and … Read more
J Immunol. 2025 Aug 19:vkaf192. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf192. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a critical pattern recognition receptor, detects microbe- and damage/danger-associated molecular patterns to trigger immune responses in mammals. However, the functions and mechanisms remain largely unclear in lower vertebrates. This study systematically investigates the evolutionary divergence, subcellular localization and ligand … Read more
J Immunol. 2025 Aug 18:vkaf202. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf202. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Macrophages comprise the first line of host responses against injury and pathogens and therefore are critically engaged in tissue repair, host defense, and homeostasis maintenance. Depending on the surrounding microenvironment, macrophages polarize into a wide spectrum of immunophenotypes with 2 extreme opposite ends-proinflammatory … Read more
