The Journal of Immunology

J Immunol. 2025 Aug 12:vkaf167. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf167. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Since its approval in 2019, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors, like roxadustat, have been used for treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease. However, the impact of HIF stabilization on circulating leukocytes remains largely unexplored. In this study, we examined how clinically … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Aug 7:vkaf174. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf174. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Natural killer (NK) cells are specialized lymphocytes that help protect against viruses and cancer. However, in the context of bacterial infections, NK cells can be harmful, rather than protective. Such immune pathogenesis by NK cells has been linked to the overproduction of proinflammatory … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Aug 7:vkaf164. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf164. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Although alternatively-activated macrophages (AAM) have been implicated in the resolution of inflammation and tissue repair, their exact role, heterogeneity and origin in vivo remain incompletely defined. Here we show that distinct subsets of macrophages can acquire alternatively activated phenotypes in response to tissue … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Aug 8:vkaf186. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf186. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of tuberculosis, with a fatality rate of 20% to 50% in treated individuals. Although corticosteroid therapy can increase survival in HIV-negative people with TBM, better antimicrobial and host-directed therapies are required to improve outcome. There … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Aug 8:vkaf191. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf191. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Legionella pneumophila causes severe pneumonia, resulting in acute lung injury. L. pneumophila pneumonia induces neutrophil recruitment to the lung through CXC chemokines. Previously, blocking CXCR2, the common receptor for CXC chemokines, but not CXCL1 or CXCL2, resulted in attenuated neutrophil accumulation and reduced … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Aug 7:vkaf155. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf155. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Tumor clearance by T cells is impaired by insufficient tumor antigen recognition, insufficient tumor infiltration, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Although targeted T cell therapy circumvents failures in tumor antigen recognition, suppression by the tumor microenvironment and failure to infiltrate the tumor can … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Aug 7:vkaf156. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf156. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Diet-induced obesity leads to dysregulated myelopoiesis and nonresolving inflammation. Such dysregulation could involve epigenetic reprogramming, which can induce long-term changes in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). However, whether and how obesity-dysregulated HSPCs impact myelopoiesis in response to tissue injury are not fully … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Aug 7:vkaf190. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf190. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immunoglobulin GM (γ marker) allotypes are encoded by 3 very closely linked and highly homologous immunoglobulin heavy chain G (IGHG) genes-IGHG1, IGHG2, and IGHG3-on chromosome 14q32. They are localized on the constant region of γ1, γ2, and γ3 chains. There are currently 18 … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Aug 7:vkaf160. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf160. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The germinal center (GC) reaction is essential for generating high-quality humoral memory. Positively selected GC B cells must decide whether to remain in the GC for further affinity maturation or differentiate into memory or plasma cells (PCs). Previously, we identified IL-21R and CD40 … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Aug 7:vkaf141. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf141. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immunity against skin-invasive pathogens requires mechanisms that rapidly detect, repel, or immobilize the infectious agent. While bacteria often cause painful cutaneous reactions, host skin invasion by the human parasitic helminth Schistosoma mansoni often goes unnoticed. This study interrogated whether pain-sensing skin afferents marked … Read more