The Journal of Immunology

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 10:vkaf016. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf016. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Insertion or deletion of one or two base pairs within a coding region causes a frameshift, which has the potential to generate neoepitopes (InDel-generated neoepitopes) that lack a self-counterpart and are entirely novel. Despite the obvious appeal of InDel-generated neoepitopes, and the demonstration … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 10:vkaf060. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf060. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Lung-resident conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) coordinate immune responses to respiratory viruses in the respiratory tract or after migration to mediastinal lymph nodes (mLN). Migratory DCs include cDC1s (CD103+XCR1+CD24hi) expressing IRF8 or cDC2s (CD11b+SIRPα+CD24+) expressing IRF4. IRF4+ cDC2s are divided into a CD24hi subset … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 9:vkaf031. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf031. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The cellular form of the prion protein (PrPC), known for its involvement as a misfolded isoform in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, has recently been identified to exert a protective effect against viral infections. In this study, we explored the role of 2 other prion … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 9:vkaf034. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf034. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Imbalanced effector and regulatory CD4+ T cell subsets drive many inflammatory diseases. These T cell subsets rely on distinct metabolic programs, modulation of which differentially affects T cell fate and function. Lipid metabolism is fundamental yet remains poorly understood across CD4+ T cell … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 9:vkaf037. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf037. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells, as an adoptive immunotherapy, are effective at treating colorectal cancer (CRC). However, whether an individual can benefit from CIK cell therapy remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the long-term effects of CIK cell therapy and specifically the relationship … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 8:vkaf030. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf030. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Studies support a role for natural killer (NK) cells in cancer control, making these cells attractive for immunotherapy. One method being tested to make effective NK cells is the ex vivo activation with interleukin (IL)-12, IL-15, and IL-18. We demonstrate that this induces … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 4:vkaf010. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf010. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Neutrophils are the first line of defense against pathogens, combating them by using several antimicrobial mechanisms. These cells display a remarkable plasticity that can be molded by the different environments that neutrophils confront to protect the host, therefore presenting diverse phenotypes. Actually, pro- … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 4:vkaf035. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf035. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Tissue-resident memory cells contribute to allergen-induced inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness, but relatively little is known of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the accumulation of these cells in the lung. Here, we show that allergen-specific CD4+ resident memory T cells are virtually absent … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 4:vkaf048. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf048. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT T-cell central tolerance is controlled by thymocyte TCR recognition of self-peptides presented by thymic APCs. While thymic epithelial cells are essential for T-cell central tolerance, a variety of other traditional APCs also play critical roles in T-cell selection. Similar to how peripheral APCs … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 3:vkaf033. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf033. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT This review provides a broad overview of lessons learned in the five years since COVID-19 was identified. It is a bimodal disease, starting with an initially virus-driven phase, followed by resolution or ensuing inappropriate immune activation causing severe inflammation that is no longer … Read more