The Journal of Immunology

J Immunol. 2026 Apr 15;215(4):vkag061. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag061. ABSTRACT Neutrophils rapidly deploy phagocytosis, degranulation, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation to control infections, yet exaggerated NET formation contributes to tissue injury in inflammatory disease. Because NETosis is tightly linked to the cellular redox environment, we developed MorphoMapping, an imaging flow cytometry-based pipeline that resolves neutrophil morphotypes … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Apr 15;215(4):vkaf376. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf376. ABSTRACT This study investigated the protective effect of miR-449b-5p from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (ADSC-Exos) targeting type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) on airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) and further investigated its mechanism of action. ADSC-Exos were isolated and characterized. Cellular uptake of ADSC-Exos by ASMCs … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Apr 15;215(4):vkag028. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag028. ABSTRACT The polarization of naive CD4+ T cells into Th2 cells is initiated in lymphoid organs and completed as the cells become tissue resident, where they express ST2, the receptor for the alarmin interleukin (IL)-33, which may be a key signal for tissue integration. Cellular metabolic requirements associated … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Apr 15;215(4):vkag060. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag060. ABSTRACT We have previously reported that T cells accumulate in the arteries of old mice and mechanistically contribute to the development of age-related arterial dysfunction. However, the specific T cell subtype that is the primary contributor to arterial aging is unknown. There is substantial evidence that CD8+ T … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Apr 15;215(4):vkag053. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag053. ABSTRACT Natural killer (NK) cells are key effectors of innate immunity and contribute to early control of viral infections. Their activity is regulated in part by interactions between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) on NK cells and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) molecules on target cells. … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Apr 15;215(4):vkag051. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag051. ABSTRACT Folate receptor beta (FRβ), encoded by FOLR2, is selectively expressed in monocytes and macrophages, yet its function in innate immune signaling remains poorly defined. Here, we identify FRβ as a novel regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in human THP-1 macrophages. Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene deletion, we … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Apr 15;215(4):vkaf357. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf357. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41984501 | DOI:10.1093/jimmun/vkaf357

J Immunol. 2026 Mar 17;215(3):vkag052. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag052. ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is an opportunistic pathogen threatening individuals with obesity, a condition associated with chronic meta-inflammation and altered immunity. In this study, we evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a nanoemulsion-based subunit vaccine (L-PaF/ME/BECC) targeting Pa in a diet-induced obese mouse model. Mice fed a … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Mar 17;215(3):vkaf372. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf372. ABSTRACT Microscale engagement of the hemi-immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-containing receptor Dectin-1 by fungal particles activates Src-family kinases (SFKs) and Syk, drives second-messenger generation, and induces downstream Erk and Akt signaling and proinflammatory responses in macrophages. To avoid inappropriate activation in the absence of a pathogenic threat, macrophages restrict … Read more

J Immunol. 2026 Mar 17;215(3):vkag039. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag039. ABSTRACT Co-inhibitory receptors are essential checkpoints to restrain excessive T cell activation. While PD1 and CTLA4 have been extensively studied, the biology of lymphocyte activation gene 3 (Lag3), an emerging target for checkpoint blockade immunotherapy, remains less understood. In this study, we show that Lag3, though largely intracellular … Read more