Trends Immunol. 2024 Nov 18:S1471-4906(24)00250-3. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.10.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Men are at higher risk for developing severe COVID-19 than women, while women are at higher risk for developing post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). This highlights the impact of sex differences on immune responses and clinical outcomes of acute COVID-19 or PASC. A … Read more

Trends Immunol. 2024 Nov 15:S1471-4906(24)00254-0. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.10.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Effector-triggered immunity (ETI) enables hosts to react to pathogens by monitoring few key cellular processes. ETI responses are assumed to be similar toward related pathogen effectors. However, recent evidence from the invertebrate model Caenorhabditis elegans and pore-forming toxins indicates a much more complex … Read more

Trends Immunol. 2024 Nov 15:S1471-4906(24)00251-5. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.10.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT While primarily a sensory organ, the mammalian olfactory epithelium (OE) also plays a critical role as an immune barrier. Mechanisms governing interactions between the immune system and this specialized chemosensory tissue are gaining interest, in part sparked by the COVID-19 pandemic. Regulated inflammation … Read more

Trends Immunol. 2024 Nov 12:S1471-4906(24)00248-5. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.10.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Peripheral immune cells play an important role in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), impacting processes such as amyloid and tau protein aggregation, glial activation, neuronal integrity, and cognitive decline. Here, we examine cutting-edge strategies – encompassing animal and cellular models – used … Read more

Trends Immunol. 2024 Oct 22:S1471-4906(24)00218-7. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.010. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Brain metastasis poses formidable clinical challenges due to its intricate interactions with the brain’s unique immune environment, often resulting in poor prognoses. This review delves into systems immunology’s role in uncovering the dynamic interplay between metastatic cancer cells and brain immunity. Leveraging spatial … Read more

Trends Immunol. 2024 Oct 21:S1471-4906(24)00219-9. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The respiratory tract is exposed to infection from inhaled pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. So far, a comprehensive assessment that integrates common and distinct aspects of the immune response along different areas of the respiratory tract has been lacking. Here, we discuss … Read more

Trends Immunol. 2024 Oct 21:S1471-4906(24)00220-5. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.012. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immune cell fate decisions are regulated, at least in part, by nuclear architecture. Here, we outline how nuclear architecture instructs mammalian polymorphonuclear cell differentiation. We discuss how in neutrophils loop extrusion mechanisms regulate the expression of genes involved in phagocytosis and shape nuclear … Read more

Trends Immunol. 2024 Oct 17:S1471-4906(24)00221-7. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.013. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Cholesterol metabolites, particularly oxidized forms known as oxysterols, play crucial roles in modulating immune and metabolic processes across various tissues. Concentrations of local cholesterol and its metabolites influence tissue-specific immune responses by shaping the metabolic and spatial organization of immune cells in barrier … Read more

Trends Immunol. 2024 Oct 11:S1471-4906(24)00247-3. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.10.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Gao, Kim, and colleagues recently reported that clonal populations of CD4+ T cells could be detected in mice that underwent spinal cord injury (SCI). A subset of clones mediated enhanced motor recovery and suppressed inflammation. Further studies may point towards novel cell therapies … Read more

Trends Immunol. 2024 Oct 10:S1471-4906(24)00217-5. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The development of mammalian adaptive (i.e., B and T cell-mediated) immune responses is tightly controlled at transcriptional, epigenetic, and metabolic levels. Signals derived from the extracellular milieu are crucial regulators of adaptive immunity. Beyond the traditionally studied cytokines and chemokines, many other extracellular … Read more