The initial responses of microglia to neuronal stress or altered network activity are poorly characterized. Xie and colleagues show that during TDP-43-related neurodegeneration, microglia detect early neuronal hyperactivity and transition into a distin…
IgA plasma cells are the most abundant antibody-secreting reservoir in the body, yet details of their origin and behavior remain elusive. In this issue of Immunity, Simons et al. and Siniscalco et al. offer insights into IgA plasma cell dynamics during…
Lung-resident memory CD8+ T cells coordinate rapid antiviral defense mechanisms across lung compartments to quicky limit viral replication and spread. In this issue of Immunity, Mattingly et al. demonstrate the importance of CD8+ Trm cell-derived inter…
Systemic rotavirus infection poses a significant health challenge in neonates, but its underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. Xu et al. demonstrate that hepcidin-iron dysregulation in hepatic macrophages, particularly TREM2+ macrophages and Kupffer c…
While the phospholipid PI4P is implicated in STING activation, its molecular mechanism has remained elusive. Han et al. reveal that PI4P cooperates with the transmembrane agonist GNE-6468 to activate the STING immune response, highlighting its therapeu…
Our current understanding of microbial-host communication is largely based on context-dependent examples and anecdotes. Yamada and Palm present a teleological framework that organizes microbial metabolites based on their impacts on the host. These fund…
Gut plasma cells secrete IgA, which prevents infections, neutralizes toxins, and regulates the gut microbiota. Simons et al. demonstrate that stable IgA production results not from the persistence of individual plasma cells but rather a continuous dyna…
Memory is a central feature of the adaptive immunity. Saha et al. quantitatively model humoral memory and find that the pattern of waning of antibodies is better described by a power-law model rather than models with exponential waning. Their findings …
Human T cell responses are often studied using blood, yet most T cells reside in tissues. By comparing T cell receptor repertoires from millions of T cells from autologous tonsils and blood, Sureshchandra et al. demonstrate limited clonal, phenotypic, …
Mattingly et al. use human lung cells to show that virus-specific CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells trigger epithelial antiviral defenses via IFNγ. This early protective response varies by epithelial subset, restricts influenza infection, and highlig…
