Regulatory T (Treg) cells are phenotypically stable in inflammatory settings. Maltez et al. report that αCD40 immunotherapy induced conversion of Treg cells into FoxP3−Tbet+IFN-γ+ “ExTreg” cells within the tumor microenvironment. ExTreg cells exhibited…
Different clinical courses of HCV infection shape CD4+ T cell immunity. Reinscheid et al. show that a stem-like subset of CD4+ T cells arising during chronic infection is maintained after successful antiviral therapy and establishes long-term memory th…
Antibody responses following primary SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA vaccination are well described, but B cell phenotypes, receptor genetics, and antigen factors that determine initial viral variant binding breadth are less established. Wirz et al. find …
The prostate is an important exocrine gland and barrier tissue of the male reproductive system, yet prostate Trm cells remain uncharted. Takehara et al. utilize functional genetics and single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to identify the molecular r…
Infiltration of glioblastoma (GB) cells into the brain parenchyma and colonization of distant regions are associated with disease recurrence and therapy resistance. Using 3-photon intravital microscopy in an autochthonous GB model, Nebeling et al. iden…
Aging profoundly alters memory T cell immunity, reshaping diversity, differentiation, and function. Adamo et al. review how intrinsic aging programs, antigenic experience, and tissue context shape T cell responses and discuss emerging strategies to rec…
How Foxp3 establishes the epigenetic and transcriptional identity of regulatory T (Treg) cells remains unclear. Murakami et al. demonstrate that Foxp3 cooperates with the AP-1 transcription factor BATF to directly promote chromatin accessibility and ge…
Perinatally acquired persistent viral infections are thought to result in T cell tolerance. Martin et al. show that neonatally LCMV-infected mice mount virus-specific Tfh cell responses that are transcriptionally normal but clonally restricted. These r…
Although long-term dietary effects on the immune system are well established, how short-term high-fat diet (HFD) alters intestinal immunity is less understood. Here, Torrico et al. show that within hours of initiating HFD, microbiota-driven inflammatio…
Aging is accompanied by significant changes to the immune system. Allen et al. demonstrate that age-related NF-κB activation in fibroblasts remodels the lung resident immune system and promotes the emergence of pro-inflammatory Gzmk+ T cells. This work…
