Tissue-resident memory T cells (Trms) are key to mucosal immunity. Wei et al. show that BACH2 restrains Trm effector function to reduce excessive inflammation and promote long-term tissue residence. HIV persists in gut Trm Th17 cells through a BACH2-sh…
Andersen et al. report the immunopathogenesis of severe H5N1 avian influenza virus clade 2.3.4.4b infection in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques. Inflammation and immune dysregulation were key mechanistic pathways of H5N1 influenza pathogenesis in nonhuma…
Chemokines are essential signals that coordinate immune responses, yet how they are organized in time and space to convey information remains incompletely understood. Xi et al. develop a genetically encoded CXCL10 sensor, LoX3-1.0, to visualize the sta…
How various tumoral metabolites impact antitumor T cell immunity is an area of active research. Ma et al. demonstrate that succinate enhances mitochondrial fitness and induces epigenetic reprogramming to promote CD8+ T cell stemness, thereby augmenting…
Tumor cells utilize macropinocytosis to acquire nutrients to survive, but the role and metabolic regulation of tumor cell macropinocytosis in immune escape remain unclear. Wang et al. identify dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) as being required for …
Understanding fundamental lymphocyte biology and developing innovative strategies to harness lymphocytes to treat human diseases were the themes of the first SMART Symposium in Immunology held in March 2025 in Shenzhen, China.
Phospholipids regulate immune cell functions through both intracellular and extracellular mechanisms, engaging lipid-modifying enzymes, cell surface receptors, and lipid mediators such as lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), sphingosine 1-phosphate, and prosta…
In the letter to Immunity, Morris et al.1 discuss the possible regulatory mechanism of phospholipid phosphate phosphatase 1 (PLPP1) in CD8+ T cell activity. Here, we conduct an in-depth analysis of our work and other published studies, identifying pote…
Regulatory T (Treg) cells maintain immune and tissue homeostasis. In this issue of Immunity, Bündgen et al. find that intratumoral polyamines promote immunosuppressive Treg cells via CK2. Targeting the polyamine-CK2 axis shifts Treg cells to become tis…
Pulmonary immunity must strike a precise balance between protecting the delicate mucosal tissue from environmental threats and preserving its vital gas-exchange function. In this issue of Immunity, Li et al. and Hiroki et al. illuminate how the nervous…
