Inpp5d, which encodes the lipid phosphatase SHIP1, is a risk gene for Alzheimer’s disease, but its role in brain development has been poorly studied. Matera, Compagnion et al. demonstrate that Inpp5d is expressed in microglia during early postnatal bra…
Immune activation is often thought to exacerbate stress-related mental disorders. Here, Xia, Lu, Lan, et al. reveal elevated IL-22 derived from the gut during the early phase of repeated stress. IL-22 suppresses neuron activation in the brain and mitig…
(Immunity 57, 2651–2668.e1–e12; November 12, 2024)
Abdelfattah et al. developed an engineering platform (T-Switch) for the creation, modification, and high-throughput profiling of T cell receptors (TCRs) to desired targets, particularly self-antigens. T-Switch identified potent and specific candidate T…
The nature of B cell priming determines PC formation, affinity maturation, and long-lasting immunity. Faliti et al. demonstrate that IL-2, a key T helper cell cytokine, acts intrinsically on B cells to trigger a “vanguard” metabolic shift that activate…
The relationship between antigen recognition and HIV-1 gene expression is unclear. Moskovjlevic et al. reveal that CD4+ T cell antigen recognition can drive HIV-1 transcription in individuals on ART. Antigen presentation induces T cell activation and p…
T helper (Th) 2 cells can exert protective or pathogenic roles, depending on challenge or disease context. Zou et al. examine the heterogeneity of Th2 cells in type II inflammation in humans and mice and demonstrate a critical role for HIF2α in driving…
CAR-T cells form disorganized immunological synapses. Xu et al. find that incorporation of the CD3ε module into CAR induces liquid-liquid phase separation, promoting the formation of mature immunological synapse with integrated antigen and costimulator…
How dendritic cells (DCs) regulate human tissue immunity remains unclear. MacDonald, Elmesmari, Somma, Frew, et al. investigate the role of synovial tissue (ST) myeloid DCs in health and active and remission stages of rheumatoid arthritis. Using a comb…
Ogishi, Kitaoka, et al. examine humans deficient in PD-1 and PD-L1 as well as associated mouse models and find that PD-1 and PD-L1 promote B cell memory and antibody responses through both T cell-dependent and B cell-intrinsic mechanisms. Their finding…
