The tumor microenvironment promotes metabolic reprogramming of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Ping, Shan, Qin, et al. examine phospholipid metabolism in the TME and find an altered phospholipid profile in intratumoral CD8+ T cells. These alterations …
Memory B cells dominate recall responses, but how they react to novel antigens is not well understood. Li and Obraztsova et al. show that MBCs with similar antigen reactivity as those of naive B cells rapidly differentiate into ASCs without signs of ge…
Predicting antibody specificity based solely on sequence has remained an obstacle in humoral research. Leveraging a curated dataset of >5,000 influenza hemagglutinin (HA) antibodies, Wang et al. develop a lightweight memory B cell language model for an…
The BCG vaccine for tuberculosis protects against non-mycobacterial infections, but the mechanisms are unclear. Sun et al. found that BCG alters gene expression and chromatin accessibility in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), predicting …
Little is known about the composition, dynamics, and function of human microglial phagosomes under homeostatic and pathological conditions. Wogram et al. develop a method to isolate human microglial phagosomes for unbiased metabolomic and proteomic pro…
The intestinal microbiota influences cancer immunosurveillance in extraintestinal tumors via three potential mechanisms: (1) the gut-to-tumor translocation of microbes, (2) the migration of intestinal leukocytes toward the tumor microenvironment, and (…
Response to immune checkpoint blockade is increased in obesity-related cancers, but the mechanisms remain unclear. In a recent issue of Nature, Bader et al. report that obesity in mice induces macrophage PD-1 upregulation to promote tumor growth while …
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells patrol tissues after pathogen clearance, but how these cells contribute to immune responses in the tumor context remains ill defined. Masopust and colleagues define TRM cell characteristics and function from the len…
Understanding determinants of immune response variation is central to developing treatment options. Even et al. show that naive CD4+ T cell transcriptional heterogeneity is altered by helminth infection leading to impaired immune responses independent …
The immune system is imprinted by gut microbes in early life. In this issue of Immunity, Perdijk et al. show that dysregulation of airway epithelial function by neonatal antibiotic treatment can be reversed by supplementation with a depleted microbial …
