Differences in glycosylation prevent antibodies from widely engaging the otherwise conserved hemagglutinin (HA) stem of influenza A viruses (IAVs). Ray et al. deploy a humanized mouse to elicit a broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) response that resul…
Cholesterol increases macrophage-mediated inflammation, but how oxysterols control tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) remains unclear. Xiao et al. show that TAMs exhibit elevated expression of CH25H, resulting in lysosome-accumulated 25HC that activat…
Signaling via Notch receptors intrinsically regulates tumor cells, promoting tumor progression. Mandula et al. examine the impact of Notch ligands on cancer cells on anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer and find that deletion of Jagged2 promotes expansio…
Cis-regulatory elements and trans-acting factors coordinate to regulate T helper cell differentiation. Liu et al. characterize the histone modification and chromatin interaction dynamics in this process. The H3K4me1 landscape established by MLL4 in nai…
Intraepithelial mast cells (IEMCs) were first observed 105 years ago, yet their functions remain enigmatic. Yang et al. reveal that IEMCs are required for epithelial gasdermin C activation and IEMC-epithelium crosstalk constitutes a critical step in ty…
DAMPs represent important mediators in inflammation and inflammatory disease. Zhou et al. summarize the conversion route, classification, cellular origin, and sensing of DAMPs and their role in diseases. The strategies to treat inflammatory diseases vi…
A critical component of vaccine design is the immunogenicity of the adjuvant. Despite their importance, our understanding and development of optimal adjuvants remains in its infancy. Here, Lavelle and McEntee review the currently available adjuvants, t…
The cGAS-STING pathway detects intracellular DNA and activates a potent antiviral response. Dvorkin and colleagues summarize recent insights into cGAS-STING biology and its role in host defense, immunopathologies, and anti-tumor immunity.
RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are crucial for viral non-self RNA detection and triggering innate immune responses. Fujita et al. review the molecular basis of RNA recognition, regulatory mechanisms, viral antagonistic strategies, and pathologies caused b…
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) comprise a vast family of proteins, several of which play key roles in the immune system. In this article, Reis e Sousa et al. review the biology of CLRs expressed by myeloid cells and their role in innate immune response…
