Fengyu Ma
Single-cell extracellular vesicle-program scoring maps immunometabolic rewiring and immune crosstalk of mesenchymal stromal cells in intervertebral disc degeneration, prioritizing AP2S1 and CSTB
BackgroundIntervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is increasingly viewed as an immune-perturbed and metabolically stressed niche rather than a purely mechanical or aging-related disorder. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles…