Leveraging immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer patients with pre-existing autoimmune disease: clinical insights, optimal timing, and predictive biomarkers for optimal treatment outcomes

The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized cancer treatment, particularly in lung cancer. However, their use in patients with pre-existing autoimmune diseases (PADs) presents unique challenges. PADs, such as rheumatoid arthritis …

Macrophage-derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor mediates renal injury in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis

Macrophages are a rich source of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). It is well established that macrophages and MIF play a pathogenic role in anti-glomerular basement membrane crescentic glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM CGN). However, whether ma…

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