Virtual screening identifies specnuezhenide as a potential therapeutic agent for rosacea via KLK5/TLR4/NF-κB pathway inhibition and metabolic modulation

BackgroundRosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition. Excessive LL-37 is produced when serine protease kallikrein-5 (KLK5) is hyperactivated, contributing to the inflammatory response in rosacea. Thus, inhibition of KLK5 has the potential to atte…

Lithospermic acid, a novel KLK5 inhibitor, ameliorates rosacea by suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and rectifying phenylalanine metabolism

BackgroundRosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, with LL-37 driving inflammation. Inhibiting serine protease kallikrein-5 (KLK5) overactivity can reduce LL-37 production, thereby relieving this inflammation. Lithospermic acid (LA), a plant-der…

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