The clinical utility of autoantibodies in systemic sclerosis: a review with a focus on cohort differences and standardization

BackgroundSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is clinically heterogeneous. Disease-specific autoantibodies—anticentromere (ACA), anti–topoisomerase I (ATA/Scl-70), and anti–RNA polymerase III (RNAP III)—are central to classification and organ-risk prediction. Bey…

The clinical utility of autoantibodies in systemic sclerosis: a review with a focus on cohort differences and standardization

BackgroundSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is clinically heterogeneous. Disease-specific autoantibodies—anticentromere (ACA), anti–topoisomerase I (ATA/Scl-70), and anti–RNA polymerase III (RNAP III)—are central to classification and organ-risk prediction. Bey…

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