Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of bidirectional crosstalk between hepatic stellate cell-derived cancer-associated fibroblasts and T cells in immune evasion and therapeutic resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) commonly develops in the context of chronic liver injury and fibrosis, and its immune evasion and therapeutic resistance are shaped not only by tumor-intrinsic factors but also by persistent interactions between the tumor…