BackgroundAcute cerebellar ataxia (ACA) is the most common cause of acute ataxia in children and adolescents. It is a cerebellar disorder with multifactorial pathogenesis, often triggered by viral or bacterial infections, as well as autoimmune mechanis…
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the axial skeleton and peripheral joints, with potential extra-articular involvement. This study documents the first successful application of upadacitinib-adalimumab com…
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death protein 1 ligand, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, are important therapeutic approaches for malignancies. However, these novel t…
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a rare autosomal-dominant, progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by complex and variable clinical manifestations that can affect multiple neurological domains. This report describes the …
Psoriasis affects approximately 2% of the global population, with plaque psoriasis being its most prevalent manifestation. Management strategies range from topical therapies for mild cases to systemic interventions for moderate to severe cases. Those i…
IntroductionAnti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) encephalitis is a neuropsychiatric disorder with additional psychiatric features caused by NMDA-R immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This report presents the follow-up…
Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a life-threatening bone marrow failure syndrome that is caused primarily by immune-mediated destruction of hematopoietic stem cells. Traditional treatment relies on immunosuppressive therapy (IST) with antithymocyte glob…
BackgroundThe coexistence of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) and primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the central nervous system (CNS) (PCNS DLBCL) is extremely rare in clinical practice. This article retrospectively a…
BackgroundBullous Pemphigoid (BP) is caused by a predominantly Th2-mediated attack on the basement membrane by the production of anti-BP180 and anti-BP230 antibodies. Malignant tumors can exacerbate immune disorders through a variety of potential pathw…
WHIM syndrome is typically caused by C-terminal gain-of-function variants in CXCR4, yet clinical heterogeneity suggests additional genetic modifiers. We investigated a family in which the 22-year-old proband harbored two heterozygous variants: a novel …
