Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL, NOS) and nodal T follicular helper cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic type (TFHL-AI) share significant histopathological and pathogenetic similarities. However, the mechanisms underlying the…
Infections remain a major concern during treatment with bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTE) in hematological malignancies. The risk is primarily driven by disease- and treatment-related immunosuppression, as well as corticosteroid use during the early ph…
BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated substantial clinical benefit across a wide range of malignancies. With their expanding use, uncommon immune-related events, including hematologic abnormalities and lymphoid proliferations,…
In indolent small B-cell lymphomas, autoimmune cytopenia and histologic transformation pose important diagnostic and management challenges. MYD88 and MYC abnormalities are rarely reported in splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL), and their role in immu…
BackgroundMorvan syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by peripheral nerve hyperexcitability with autonomic and central nervous system involvement, most commonly associated with antibodies against contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CAS…
BackgroundLocalized Scleroderma (LoS), particularly aggressive subtypes such as Deep Morphea (morphea profunda), is a rare chronic autoimmune fibrosing disorder that can extend into the subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and muscle. These deep forms carry a …
Esophageal cancer presents a formidable global health challenge, particularly when complicated by esophageal fistulas, which historically confer a dismal prognosis and severely limit therapeutic options. We report a challenging case of locally advanced…
BackgroundThe co-occurrence of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) and hematological malignancies is infrequently described. We report a rare case of histopathologically confirmed MOGAD complicated by pancytopenia fo…
Neurological and autoimmune muscle comorbidities are rare in thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis (TAMG). The incidence of myositis is likely underestimated due to its clinical similarity. Few cases of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) have been reported in…
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a life-threatening inborn error of immunity (IEI) that is potentially curable when diagnosed early but is associated with high morbidity and mortality when recognition is delayed. In settings without universal…
