Background
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) has become a dominant regimen in modern cancer therapy, however immune resistance induced by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) with immune suppressive and evasion properties limits responses….
Objective
Targeting CD47 for cancer immunotherapy has been studied in many clinical trials for the treatment of patients with advanced tumors. However, this therapeutic approach is often hampered by on-target side effects, physical barriers, and immun…
Background
Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) are the most clinically tested viral vectors for solid tumors. However, most clinically tested “Armed” OAds show limited antitumor effects in patients with various solid tumors even with increased dosages and m…
Background
Although immunotherapy can reinvigorate immune cells to clear tumors, the response rates are poor in some patients. Here, CD47 antibody-engineered oncolytic viruses (oAd-αCD47) were employed to lyse tumors and activate immunity. The o…
Background
Interleukin-18 (IL-18), or interferon (IFN)–inducing factor, potentiates T helper 1 and natural killer cell activation as well as CD8+ T-cell proliferation. Recombinant IL-18 has displayed limited clinical efficacy in part due to the expre…
Background
Antibodies blocking programmed death (PD)-1 or its ligand (PD-L1) have revolutionized cancer care, but many patients do not experience durable benefits. Novel treatments to stimulate antitumor immunity are needed in the PD-(L)1 refractory s…
Background
Immune checkpoint protein V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) controls antitumor immunity and is a valuable target for cancer immunotherapy. Previous mechanistic studies have indicated that VISTA impairs the toll…
Background
Targeting kinases presents a potential strategy for treating solid tumors; however, the therapeutic potential of vaccines targeting kinases remains uncertain.
Methods
Adenovirus (Ad) vaccines encoding Aurora kinase A (AURKA) or cyclin-depe…
Background
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are an attractive way to increase immune infiltration into an otherwise cold tumor. While OVs are engineered to selectively infect tumor cells, there is evidence that they can infect other non-malignant cells in the …
Background
Over the past decade, cancer immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment of melanoma; however, responses vary across patient populations. Recently, baseline tumor size has been identified as an independent prognostic factor for overal…
