Prognostic utility of immune biomarkers for identifying individuals at risk of unfavourable treatment outcomes in pulmonary tuberculosis

IntroductionTuberculosis remains a major global health challenge, with many patients expe- riencing unfavourable treatment outcomes despite standard therapy. Host immune biomarkers, including cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs),…

Soluble TIM-3 and galectin-9 in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with disability at 6 months in aquaporin-4 IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder

BackgroundNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are severe autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system characterized by autoantibodies against aquaporin 4 (AQP4-IgG). Despite the availability of several molecular targeted therapies, bio…

Dietary inflammatory index and gestational diabetes mellitus in a multicenter cross sectional study in Suzhou

BackgroundEvidence linking dietary inflammatory potential with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been inconsistent. We examined this association in a multicenter cross-sectional study.MethodsWomen attending three tertiary hospitals in Suzhou, Chi…

AKNA serves as a prognostic biomarker and restrains endometrial cancer progression via STING activation and macrophage reprogramming

BackgroundAKNA, an AT-hook transcription factor, plays a critical role in cancer development. However, its prognostic value and biological function in endometrial cancer (EC) remain unclear.MethodsTo systematically investigate AKNA in EC, we integrated…

Alpha-galactosylceramide as mRNA vaccine adjuvant modulates cellular immunity against tuberculosis and contributes to antigen-specific lung-associated T cells with a TRM-associated phenotype following prime-pull strategy

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent worldwide, highlighting the need for improved vaccines beyond the limited protection currently provided by the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Here we investiga…

Machine learning-derived R-loop-related diagnostic signature for psoriasis: a multi-cohort and single-cell validation study

BackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by dysregulated immune responses and keratinocyte (KC) hyperproliferation. Although therapeutic strategies have advanced considerably, achieving durable long-term remission remain…

GART expression is associated with a proliferative and purine-metabolic ISC-like epithelial state in ulcerative colitis

ObjectiveTo characterize the epithelial state associated with GART expression in ulcerative colitis (UC) and determine whether this association reflects a GART-specific program or a broader proliferative and purine-metabolic phenotype.MethodsFour indep…

Comparative serum cytokine and chemokine profiles across tuberculosis, latent TB, HIV, and COVID-19 infections in Namibian adults

BackgroundThe devastating pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) highlighted the importance of early detection and global collaboration in combating infectious diseases. Namibia is one of the countries that bears a high burden of tuberculosis …

Three ABO 3′ splice-site variants including a novel one converge on a common splicing defect to attenuate blood group antigen expression

BackgroundABO subtypes are characterized by attenuated antigen expression, rendering them susceptible to serological misclassification and posing substantial risks to transfusion safety. Splice-site variants represent one of the mechanisms underlying A…

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