BackgroundMelanoma, a highly malignant skin tumor with high metastatic propensity and poor survival in advanced stages, poses a major global public health challenge, as conventional treatments have notable limitations. Tumor immunotherapy, particularly…
Targeted anti-angiogenic therapies against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are standard treatments for various advanced cancers. However, their clinical benefits are often limited by acquired resistance, with some patients even exhibiting par…
Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a key precursor to gastric cancer, characterized by progressive mucosal atrophy, inflammation, and microbial dysbiosis. The Correa cascade model highlights Helicobacter pylori as a primary driver, progressing from ga…
The therapeutic landscape of allergic diseases has been transformed by the advent of biologics targeting key immunologic pathways. These therapies offer disease-modifying potential across a spectrum of conditions including asthma, atopic dermatitis, eo…
In this document we discuss the reality of COVID vaccination in Latin America, which has been uneven across the continent; however, some experiences with COVID vaccination have demonstrated a protective effect against the development of chronic manifes…
T regulatory cells (Tregs) are essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and tolerance. We have reported that CD2-targeted nanoparticles containing IL-2 induce CD4 and CD8 Foxp3+ Tregs, together with TGF-β-producing CD56bright NK cells. Generation a…
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) which promote drug resistance by remodeling the extracellular matrix, generating an immunosuppressive microenvironment, and activating metabolic signaling pathw…
Therapy-induced senescence (TIS) generates an immunogenic state in cancer cells by altering how they present antigens, produce cytokines, and organize their surfaceome. TIS can be exploited for therapeutic purposes using “immunosenolytic” strategies, i…
Accurately assessing and quantifying immune competence in cancer patients remains a major challenge in tumor immunology. Traditional intratumoral immune profiling, such as tissue pathology and tissue-based cytometry techniques, faces significant challe…
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Age is the strongest predictor of disease phenotype, with the majority of older adults transitioning to a progressive form marked by irre…
