The chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 play context-dependent roles in hair follicle biology. While recent findings suggest that regulatory T cells (Tregs) utilize the CXCL12–CXCR4 axis to modestly promote hair follicle regeneration under homeosta…
Prediabetes affects a significant portion of the global population. Shifting the clinical paradigm from delaying type 2 diabetes (T2D) to actively achieving remission offers a transformative opportunity. This perspective article posits that anti-inflam…
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a significant global health issue, particularly in children, where the virus can lead to long-term hepatic damage and immune system dysregulation. Interferon (IFN) therapy, such as pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN), has s…
Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) results from cell lysis induced by the membrane attack complex (MAC), a pore-forming structure assembled at the terminal stage of the complement cascade that disrupts membrane integrity and causes osmotic cell de…
Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) results from cell lysis induced by the membrane attack complex (MAC), a pore-forming structure assembled at the terminal stage of the complement cascade that disrupts membrane integrity and causes osmotic cell de…
Osteosarcoma, the most aggressive primary malignant bone tumor, has stagnant therapeutic outcomes despite decades of standard MAP chemotherapy and surgery; 5-year overall survival (OS) is
The intestinal immune system monitors the body’s largest interface with the environment. It must prevent adverse responses to ingested material, while protecting itself from harm, constraining the inflammatory potential of gut microbiota, and detecting…
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare hyperinflammatory disease caused by an overactivation of immune cells. Its low incidence and broad range of clinical signs and symptoms may mimic more common inflammatory and/or infectious processes, c…
Dry eye disease (DED) is increasingly prevalent among young individuals and often exhibits severe symptoms despite minimal structural damage, challenging the traditional structure–inflammation paradigm. We propose the concept of ocular “social jetlag,”…
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment landscape for malignant tumors such as advanced lung cancer, but their efficacy is limited. In recent years, the circadian rhythm has provided a brand-new optimization strategy for i…
