European Journal of Immunology

Sustained Lung Inflammation Post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection in Mice Is Associated with Increased Pulmonary T Cells. [[{“value”:”Sophie Y. Guan, Patricia P. Ogger, Ana Farias, Minerva Garcia Martín, Joy Nakawesi, Olivia Bedard, Candice Baker, Nadia Rosenthal, Cecilia Johansson”}]]

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Low-dose SARS-CoV-2 infection in 129 × C57BL/6-K18-hACE2 mice induces sustained lung inflammation. Despite complete viral clearance and full recovery of body weight by day 8 post-infection, both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells remained detectable in the lungs up to day 28 post infection, indicating ongoing immune activity. ABSTRACT Many SARS-CoV-2 patients experience chronic pulmonary symptoms … Read more

Mast Cell Phenotypic Heterogeneity Impacts the Interplay with Pathogenic Salmonella Typhimurium Bacteria. [[{“value”:”Christopher von Beek, Grisna I. Prensa, Julia H. M. Andersson, Gunnar Pejler, Mikael E. Sellin”}]]

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Mast cell phenotypic features influence anti-bacterial response. Connective tissue-like mast cells sense Salmonella through combined Toll-like-receptor (TLR) signaling and recognition of Type-III-secretion-system mediated invasion. By contrast, due to low TLR expression, mucosal-like mast cells fail to respond to extracellular Salmonella, but their abundant granules limit intracellular colonization by invasive bacteria. ABSTRACT Mast cells (MCs) lodge … Read more

SOCS Proteins: Key Players in Immune Regulation During SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection. [[{“value”:”Juber Herrera‐Uribe, Nigel J. Stevenson”}]]

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SOCS proteins are key modulators of cytokine signaling during SARS-CoV-2 infection, balancing antiviral responses and inflammation. The virus differentially regulates SOCS expression across tissues and disease stages, exploiting SOCS regulatory function to suppress antiviral pathways. This regulatory role positions SOCS proteins as potential targets for stage-specific immunomodulatory therapies. ABSTRACT Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins … Read more

TLR9‐Driven S‐Palmitoylation in Dendritic Cells Reveals Immune and Metabolic Protein Targets. [[{“value”:”Juan N. Quiroz, Malte Sielaff, Daria Kondrateva, Fatima Boukhallouk, Gloria J. Godoy, Cecilia R. Molina, Brecht Moonen, Claudia C. Motran, Jeroen Bogie, Hugo D. Luján, Stefan Tenzer, Tim Sparwasser, Luciana Berod”}]]

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Click chemistry–based proteomics revealed dynamic remodeling of the S-palmitoylated proteome in dendritic cells upon TLR9 activation. Transcriptomics identified TLR9-driven regulation of ZDHHC genes, including Zdhhc9. Genetic approaches uncovered potential ZDHHC9-dependent targets. Functional studies exposed key methodological limitations in investigating S-palmitoylation in dendritic cells. ABSTRACT Dendritic cells (DCs) rely on Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) to detect … Read more

BMP Signaling Alleviates Allergic Airway Inflammation by Controlling Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Homeostasis. [[{“value”:”Shan Yue, Huihui Li, Zhiqiang Yan, Mengying Xie, Mengyuan Dai, Mingying Zhang, Wei Xu”}]]

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BMPR2 deficiency enhances ILC2 proliferation and exacerbates type 2 airway inflammation. BMP4 restrains ILC2 expansion via canonical BMP signaling, alleviating inflammation in a BMPR2-dependent manner. ABSTRACT Recent studies have highlighted the important role of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in immunoregulation. Our earlier work identified the expression of BMP receptors on lymphoid progenitors and group 2 … Read more

Mast Cells Are Not Essential for Pubertal Mammary Gland Branching. [[{“value”:”Simran Kapoor, Clara M. Munz, Jimmy Marsden, Cyril Carvalho, Holly Tinsley, Marlene Magalhaes Pinto, Bert Malengier‐Devlies, Solvig Becker, Guillaume Seuzaret, Katelyn Patatsos, Ramazan Akyol, Amy B. Pederson, Gillian Wilson, Marc Dalod, Rebecca Gentek”}]]

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Mast cells colonise tissues during development and may be involved in maturation processes. In the mammary gland, they are thought to promote pubertal branching morphogenesis. Using new Kit-independent models that are more mast cell-specific, we demonstrate that neither constitutive deficiency nor induced depletion at puberty impairs mammary gland branching. Mast cells are thus not essential … Read more

Human T Cell Responses to Flavivirus Vaccines. [[{“value”:”David Wullimann, Hans‐Gustaf Ljunggren”}]]

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This review summarises current knowledge of T cell responses induced by flavivirus vaccines being licensed or under development. Existing vaccines against flaviviruses have been developed and analysed primarily in the context of antibody responses, while the role of T cells in contributing to immunity against flaviviruses is less studied. ABSTRACT Flaviviruses are major human pathogens … Read more

The Streptomyces Metabolite Thiostrepton Inhibits Regulatory T Cell Differentiation and Function to Boost Antitumor Immune Responses. [[{“value”:”Luana Silva, Luís Almeida, Fatima Al‐Naimi, Daniele Carvalho Nascimento, Aleksandra Lopez Krol, Luis Eduardo Alves Damasceno, Hakim Echchannaoui, José Carlos Alves‐Filho, Luciana Berod, Tim Sparwasser”}]]

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Regulatory T cells (Tregs) promote tumor progression and therapy resistance by suppressing antitumor immunity. Here, we identify the antibiotic thiostrepton as a novel Treg-targeting immunomodulator for cancer immunotherapy. Thiostrepton impairs Treg differentiation and suppressive capacity. In an MC38 model, thiostrepton treatment reduced intratumoral Foxp3⁺ Tregs and significantly inhibited tumor growth. ABSTRACT Regulatory T cells (Tregs) … Read more

Booster Injection with Birch Pollen Extract Activates B‐Cellular Memory Responses in Patients Having Completed Allergen Immunotherapy. [[{“value”:”Carolin Baum, Christian Möbs, Wolfgang Pfützner”}]]

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A single booster injection of allergen extract is capable of rapidly activating B-cellular memory several years after completion of allergen immunotherapy, demonstrated by an increase of allergen-specific IgG-producing cells and IgG/IgG4 antibodies as well as improved allergen-blocking capacity. This indicates that booster injections allow maintenance of long-term allergen tolerance. ABSTRACT Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) of patients … Read more

The Mitigating Effect of Combined Glucocorticoids with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on Lymphocyte Activation Gene‐3 and Programmed Death‐1 Expression. [[{“value”:”Smadar Gertel, Ari Polachek, Victoria Furer, Tali Ofir Dovrat, Chen Avaky, Adi Broyde, Hila Nochimovitz, Ori Elkayam”}]]

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Mechanism of GCs combined with ICI may induce LAG-3, an inhibitory molecule expression (A) Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a class of drugs that work by blocking inhibitory molecules on immune cells (B) Glucocorticoids (GCs) are used to manage the immune-related adverse events following ICI therapies (C) Concomitant GCs with ICI therapies can induce peripheral … Read more

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