European Journal of Immunology

Chronic stimulation desensitizes β2‐adrenergic receptor responses in natural killer cells. [[{“value”:”Martin Jürgens, Maren Claus, Sabine Wingert, Jens Alexander Niemann, Lea Katharina Picard, Elisabeth Hennes, Ina Haasler, Birte Hellwig, Nina Overbeck, Jörg Reinders, Jörg Rahnenführer, Michaela Schedel, Silvia Capellino, Carsten Watzl”}]]

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β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) stimulation of NK cells inhibits inside-out signaling and LFA-1 activation, explaining the mobilization of NK cells upon acute stress. Repeated or sustained β2AR stimulation desensitizes β2AR via G-protein switch. Local administration of long-acting β2-agonists does not interfere with systemic NK cell functions in asthma patients. Abstract Adrenergic receptors (ARs) are preferentially expressed … Read more

Liver type 1 innate lymphoid cells undergo apoptosis in murine models of macrophage activation syndrome and are dispensable for disease. [[{“value”:”Amber De Visscher, Marte Vandeput, Jessica Vandenhaute, Bert Malengier‐Devlies, Eline Bernaerts, Kourosh Ahmadzadeh, Jessica Filtjens, Tania Mitera, Nele Berghmans, Philippe E. Van den Steen, Christin Friedrich, Georg Gasteiger, Carine Wouters, Patrick Matthys”}]]

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In macrophage activation syndrome, a severe cytokine storm syndrome with liver inflammation, liver type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) rapidly produce proinflammatory cytokines. However, disease progression results in liver ILC1 apoptosis. In addition, disease development was unaltered in Hobit knockout mice, which lack liver ILC1s, indicating their dispensability for disease. Abstract Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) … Read more

Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor type 4 is critically involved in the regulation of peritoneal B‐1 cell trafficking and distribution in vivo. [[{“value”:”Janik Riese, Annabel Kleinwort, Maurice Hannemann, Celine Hähnel, Stephan Kersting, Tobias Schulze”}]]

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Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is implicated in the regulation of peritoneal B-cell trafficking. Here we show that the effects of S1P on peritoneal B-1 cell migration are mediated by the receptor S1PR4 via direct chemotactic action as well as via upregulation of the expression level of chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CXCR5. Abstract B-1 cells are crucially involved … Read more

Innate immunity champions: The diverse functions of macrophages. [[{“value”:”Francesca Biscu, Anissa Zouzaf, Donatella Cicia, Clare Pridans, Gianluca Matteoli”}]]

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This review highlights the pivotal role of macrophages in regulating tissue homeostasis and immune response during disease. Advanced omics technologies reveal their adaptability within tissue-specific niches, influenced by their metabolic states. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for developing targeted therapies that modulate macrophage function, offering innovative strategies for managing chronic inflammatory conditions. Abstract Macrophages are … Read more

Reduction in mucosal‐associated invariant T cells (MAIT) in APECED patients is associated with elevated serum IFN‐γ concentration. [[{“value”:”Iivo Hetemäki, Joona Sarkkinen, Huai Hui Wong, Nelli Heikkilä, Saila Laakso, Simo Miettinen, Mikko I. Mäyränpää, Outi Mäkitie, T Petteri Arstila, Eliisa Kekäläinen”}]]

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We found a reduced frequency of circulating mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAITs) in patients with APECED with a clear negative correlation to inflammatory markers CRP, IL-18, and IFN-γ. These findings suggest that the decrease in MAITs is secondary to type 1 immune dysregulation present in the disease. Abstract Mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT) are innate-like … Read more

γδ T cells in immune‐mediated kidney disease. [[{“value”:”Alex Waterhölter, Christian F. Krebs, Ulf Panzer”}]]

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This review summarizes the current knowledge about γδ T cells in immune-mediated kidney diseases. We highlight that γδ T cells are associated with an aggravation of tissue damage through direct pathways and interactions with other leukocyte subsets . Abstract Immune-mediated kidney diseases, including glomerulonephritis (GN), represent a diverse spectrum of disorders characterized by inflammation within … Read more

Langerhans cells orchestrate apoptosis of DNA‐damaged keratinocytes upon high‐dose UVB skin exposure. [[{“value”:”Daniela Ortner, Helen Strandt, Christoph H. Tripp, Sarah Spoeck, Athanasios Seretis, Florian Hornsteiner, Sophie Dieckmann, Matthias Schmuth, Patrizia Stoitzner”}]]

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Our study reveals that high-dose UVB exposure stimulates Langerhans cells to release chemokines that recruit neutrophils and induce TNF-α-mediated apoptosis in DNA-damaged keratinocytes. Without Langerhans cells, fewer neutrophils are recruited, leading to an accumulation of DNA-damaged cells and a higher risk of skin cancer due to increased mutations and potential cell transformation. Abstract Ultraviolet (UV) … Read more

In vitro modulation of T cells in myasthenia gravis by low‐dose IL‐2. [[{“value”:”Merve Çebi, Arman Çakar, Hacer Durmuş, Onur Akan, Fikret Aysal, Yeşim Parman, Güher Saruhan‐Direskeneli”}]]

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Low-dose IL-2 balances Tfh, Tph, and Treg cells in myasthenia gravis (MG), by increasing Treg cells and reducing Tfh and Tph cell populations in patients. The results provide in vitro evidence for the use of IL-2 as a potential therapeutic in MG. Abstract Follicular helper (Tfh), peripheral helper (Tph), and regulatory (Treg) T cells are … Read more

Lipid nanoparticle‐mediated RNA delivery for immune cell modulation. [[{“value”:”Emily H. Kim, Sridatta V. Teerdhala, Marshall S. Padilla, Ryann A. Joseph, Jacqueline J. Li, Rebecca M. Haley, Michael J. Mitchell”}]]

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A review of lipid nanoparticle development and application for engineering T cells, NK cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and stem cells for immunotherapies. Abstract Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as the preeminent nonviral drug delivery vehicles for nucleic acid therapeutics, as exemplified by their usage in the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. As a safe and highly modular … Read more

Complement‐targeted therapeutics: Are we there yet, or just getting started?. Daniel Ricklin

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After a hesitant start, the number of available therapeutics that target the human complement system has surged from one to a dozen drugs in less than 20 years. Meanwhile, the clinical arsenal encompasses treatment modalities directed to several targets for the therapy of a steadily growing spectrum of complement-related disorders. Abstract Therapeutic interventions in the … Read more

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