Monitoring systemic immune responses to checkpoint inhibition in breast cancer reveals host responses and mechanisms of resistance

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have improved survival in various cancers, but their success in breast cancer, specifically triple-negative breast cancer, remains limited, benefiting less than 10% of patients.

Methods
We modeled ICI res…

Patterns of immune-related adverse events and treatment responses in adolescents and young adults with melanoma during initial and rechallenge immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly used in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer; however, data on treatment response, the frequency and pattern of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and the feasibility of IC…

Arecoline upregulates CD155 expression to facilitate immune evasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Background
Areca nut is the fourth most addictive substance worldwide and is a known Group 1 carcinogen. Chronic areca nut chewing has been strongly associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), although the underlying carcin…

Reframing adjuvant immunotherapy in melanoma: all of it starts with priming

Checkpoint inhibitors best perform in neoadjuvant settings for a number of solid malignancies including cutaneous melanoma as compared with adjuvant schemes. A key difference between both treatment settings is the availability of tumor antigens to con…

Toward a better pan-tumor predictive signature for unleashing precision immuno-oncology

While immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has revolutionized therapy across solid tumors, resistance remains an issue. Programmed death ligand-1 immunohistochemistry has limited clinical utility, whereas tumor mutation burden and microsatellite instabi…

Synergistic potential of sipuleucel-T in enhancing immunotherapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Clinical trials of immunotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have largely been unsuccessful despite promising preclinical studies and proven efficacy in other solid tumors. These disappointing clinical outcomes have been…

Colorectal cancer organoids drive hypoxia, TGF-{beta}, and patient-specific diversification of NK cell activation programs

Background
Colorectal carcinoma exhibits high heterogeneity, comprising subtypes that show poor efficacy of T cell-based immunotherapies, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitors. Although natural killer (NK) cells are cons…

PD-L1 phenotype classification based on expression in tumor and immune cells as a potential biomarker for optimizing anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 immunotherapies in NSCLC

Background
Compared with conventional chemotherapy, pembrolizumab-based chemoimmunotherapy (Pembro) and nivolumab plus ipilimumab with or without two cycles of platinum-doublet chemotherapy (Nivo+Ipi) improve survival in advanced non-small cell lung c…

Immuno-oncologic profiling of renal masses using multiparametric MRI: a pilot study

Purpose
Preoperative characterization of renal mass malignancy, subtype, and immuno-oncologic pathology could inform and improve tailored management decisions. We examine multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for (1) sensitivity to immuno-oncologic markers of t…

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