Tempered signal strength via low-dose MEK inhibition optimizes therapeutic performance of engineered T cells

Background
Optimizing T cell activation strength is emerging as a critical factor in improving adoptive cellular therapy (ACT). We previously reported that neoantigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes from a patient with metastatic melanoma ex…

Biomimetic carbon nanopolymers ANM-NPs act on mannose receptors and complement receptors to promote tumor antigen presentation

Background
Enhancing immunogenicity and antigen-presentation efficiency is critical for tumor vaccine development. While yeast-surface glycoprotein side chains can improve antigen presentation, their ability to deliver tumor antigens remains limited.

PROTAC-based nanoantigens promote cross-presentation and trafficking of dendritic cell vaccine for enhanced antitumor efficacy

Background
As the most powerful professional antigen-presenting cell, dendritic cells (DCs), can effectively activate tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses through antigen cross-presentation (XPT), which involves endosome escape and subseque…

The science of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL): perspectives from the SITC Surgery Committee

Immunity to solid tumors is associated with the hallmarks of cancer-associated inflammation and the ability of immune mechanisms to limit tumor progression. Application of expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte adoptive T cell therapy (TIL ACT) in cli…

Single-cell multiomics reveals macrophage-derived IL-23 and CXCL9/10 drive pathogenic IFNG+IL17+ T cells in immunotherapy-related colitis

Background
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, while transformative in cancer treatment, is frequently complicated by immune-related colitis (irColitis), driven by poorly understood mechanisms.

Methods
An integrated analysis of single-cell RNA …

Neoadjuvant personalized viral vaccine prevents tumor relapse in checkpoint-resistant murine melanoma model

Background
Personalized cancer vaccines targeting tumor-specific neoantigens (nAgs) are an emerging therapeutic strategy, particularly effective in early-stage disease before immune suppression is established. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonst…

CD5 ablation enhances persistence and antitumor potency of engineered T cells by mitigating exhaustion and promoting cytotoxicity

Background
While chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has transformed the treatment landscape for certain hematologic malignancies, therapeutic resistance and disease relapse highlight the critical need to improve the durability of clinical …

HSP47 inhibition-induced CD155 expression through TRAF2 deubiquitination promotes tumor immune evasion

Background
Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) is crucial for protein quality control and tumor progression. While its role in cancer biology is well established, its impact on cancer immunity remains poorly understood. In this study, we aim to elucidate ho…

Second-event endpoints (EFS2, PRFS2 and PFS2) after anti-PD-(L)1-based RCTs: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly anti-PD-(L)1s, have transformed cancer care by their extended efficacy, even receiving next-line. Event-free survival 2 (EFS2), progression/recurrence-free survival 2 (PRFS2) and progression…

Cellular dynamics in cerebrospinal fluid unveils the key regulators of intracranial response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC brain metastases

Background
Brain metastases (BrM) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) present a significant challenge due to poor prognosis. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been standard treatments for NSCLC, their efficacy in BrM is variable, emphas…

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