J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Nov 10:qiaf161. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf161. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Neutrophils, our frontline of defense against pathogens, exhibit pronounced sexual dimorphism in ontogeny, phenotype, and effector functions. Throughout the human lifespan, estrogen and androgen signaling, together with sex-linked genetic regulators, orchestrate neutrophil production, maturation, and immune activity, contributing to immunological differences between … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Nov 10:qiaf155. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf155. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Chagas disease (CD), caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, affects millions worldwide, with a high prevalence in Latin America, representing a significant public health burden. The transition from the asymptomatic acute phase to the chronic stage, where about 30% of individuals develop … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Nov 8:qiaf158. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf158. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Eosinophils play an important role in mediating itch and inflammation in dermatitis. The role of the eosinophil granule protein eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) in mediating inflammation and itch was tested in a dermatitis mouse model. Mice were sensitized to trimellitic anhydride (TMA) and … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Nov 7:qiaf160. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf160. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in the immune system, and their dysfunction can lead to the development of autoimmune conditions. In cancer, tumors frequently hijack the immunosuppressive function of Tregs to evade immune responses. Due to their central role … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Nov 7:qiaf159. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf159. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The Ets family transcription factor PU.1 plays multiple roles in hematopoiesis. PU.1 acts in a graded manner to regulate myeloid and lymphoid development with high expression levels promoting monopoiesis and low expression levels instructing B cell fate. It remains incompletely understood how … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Nov 6:qiaf156. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf156. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Evolutionarily conserved HOXA9 is a well-known player of haematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. However, the involvement of this transcription factor in CD4+T cell development is largely unexplored. Th2 cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of numerous autoimmune disorders. The development of this … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Nov 5:qiaf157. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf157. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Neuroinflammation plays a vital role in determining the trajectory of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. In AD brain, microglial exposure to pathological amyloid β (Aβ42) and tau peptide aggregates results in an NLRP3 inflammasome-activated pro-inflammatory response that ranges from mild to severe. Recently … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Nov 4:qiaf153. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf153. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Host defense functions of neutrophils during infection critically depend on microbicidal and proteolytic proteins stored in primary, secondary and tertiary granules that are released into the phagosome or into the extracellular space upon degranulation. Granules are generated during granulopoiesis and impaired granule … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Oct 30:qiaf154. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf154. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT α(1,3)-exofucosylation is an enzymatic process whereby the monosaccharide L-fucose is added in α(1,3)-linkage onto a pertinent acceptor glycan displayed by a cell membrane glycoprotein or glycolipid. One pertinent acceptor glycan is the terminal trisaccharide unit known as a “sialylated type 2 lactosamine”. … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Oct 29:qiaf151. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf151. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The cytokine CSF-1 and its tyrosine kinase-encoding receptor CSF1R are important for the development and proliferation/survival of most tissue macrophages. We recently identified TNF-α-induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2) as a unique cellular regulator of CSF1R activation: TNFAIP2 increased the response of macrophages to … Read more