Mucosal Immunology

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 May 31:100352. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.100352. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Lung mucosal immunity must balance effective antimicrobial defense with tightly controlled inflammatory responses to maintain pulmonary homeostasis. Although sex differences in respiratory disease susceptibility are well documented, the developmental origins of these differences and their modulation by prenatal environmental exposures remain poorly defined. … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 May 30:100354. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.100354. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Glucocorticoid-refractory asthma is a severe disease type linked to both T helper type 2 (T2) high and T2 low, neutrophil-high asthma endotypes, but the mechanisms governing glucocorticoid resistance are largely unknown. We show that glucocorticoid-resistant mouse allergic airway disease is linked to airway … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 May 30:100353. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.100353. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Pregnancy is an immunological marvel allowing intimate approximation between genetically discordant tissues of maternal and fetal origin. Shared immunity across the maternal-fetal dyad including intact cells of maternal and fetal origin establishing microchimerism in both individuals after parturition and the importance of vertically … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 May 23:100351. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.100351. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Although systemic allergen-specific IgE is an essential biomarker for allergic rhinitis (AR), its mechanistic contribution to symptom development remains unclear. Here, using mouse models, we investigated how systemic antigen-specific IgE influences AR symptoms and local type 2 inflammation. Mice were adoptively sensitized with … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 May 16:100349. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.100349. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Colonic immune homeostasis is critically maintained by regulatory T (Treg) cells. Here, we identify SUMO-specific peptidase 1 (SENP1) as an important regulator of colonic Treg function and intestinal immune homeostasis. Treg-specific Senp1 deletion does not impair thymic Treg development, but selectively disrupts the … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 May 16:100350. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.100350. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Human enteric α-defensin 5 (HD5) is an antimicrobial peptide and a key effector of intestinal mucosal innate immunity. Paradoxically, HD5 has also been shown to enhance Shigella infection by inducing filopodial-like extensions via activation of the P2Y11 receptor. However, the broader physiological significance … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 May 7:100348. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.100348. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Commensal microbes can cause invasive infection but can also stimulate protective immune responses as exemplified by the gut pathobiont Candida albicans. This species primes systemic Th17 immunogenicity which protects against disseminated infection, and yet the fungal determinants driving protection remain uncertain. Here we … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 May 1:100347. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.100347. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Eosinophils have traditionally been viewed as terminally differentiated type 2 effector cells involved in anti-helminth immunity and allergic inflammation. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics have refined this view, revealing substantial developmental and functional heterogeneity across tissues and inflammatory settings. Eosinophil development in the … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Apr 27:S1933-0219(26)00048-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.04.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Influenza virus infection can result in outcomes ranging from moderate, self-limiting illness to severe, life-threatening disease. Although severe cases are frequently associated with CD8+ T cell lymphopenia, the underlying mechanisms driving this diminished T cell response remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated how … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Apr 7:S1933-0219(26)00030-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.03.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT HIV-1 transmission depends on the structure and immune cell composition of mucosal epithelia. Transmission mechanisms involve direct infection of CD4+ T-cells or macrophages, and indirect viral transfer to CD4+ T-cells from Langerhans cells (LCs) or dendritic cells (DCs). LCs-mediated HIV-1 transfer is inhibited … Read more