Real-world outcomes of chemotherapy plus immune checkpoint inhibitors versus chemotherapy alone in advanced, unresectable, and recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

BackgroundThere are limited treatment options available to improve the prognosis of patients with advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma particularly intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of com…

Macrophage-derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor mediates renal injury in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis

Macrophages are a rich source of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). It is well established that macrophages and MIF play a pathogenic role in anti-glomerular basement membrane crescentic glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM CGN). However, whether ma…

Synthetic BSA-conjugated disaccharide related to the Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 capsular polysaccharide increases IL-17A Levels, γδ T cells, and B1 cells in mice

The disaccharide (β-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid)-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranoside represents a repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3. A conjugate of the disaccharide with BSA (di-BSA conjugate) adjuvanted with al…

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