Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 8;78:101949. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101949. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones with diverse and important roles in the physiologic response to stress. These include permissive and suppressive effects on immunity, which help prepare the organism for future infectious stressors and control the immunological response to a recent stressor, preventing … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 2;78:101947. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101947. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in which complex networks of interacting immune cells initiate and sustain the disease. The pathogenesis of relapsing MS is driven by adaptive immune cells that become activated outside the … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 2;78:101950. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101950. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The hallmarks of cancer are a set of traits that normal cells acquire during their transformation into malignancy. Among the biological processes influencing these hallmarks, the innate immune complement system plays a critical role. It can operate canonically-in blood and tissues-via phagocytosis, inflammation, … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Mar 29;78:101946. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101946. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Glycosylation of antibodies is essential for shaping immune responses, as it contributes significantly to antibody function and diversity. While immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc glycosylation is well-characterized, variable domain glycosylation (VDG) introduces an additional and less understood layer of complexity. Notably, VDG is associated … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Mar 28;78:101948. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101948. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) is a transcription factor known primarily for its role in antiviral immunity via regulation of type I interferons (IFNs). Recent research has broadened its significance to encompass metabolic disorders, particularly obesity and diabetes. Obesity is characterized by chronic … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Mar 27;78:101945. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101945. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Ever since the discovery of pathogenic aquaporin 4-specific antibodies in the serum of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders current knowledge about clinical observations and diagnosis, and about the underlying pathology and resulting therapies have been put forward in excellent reviews and primary … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Mar 14;78:101944. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101944. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), an inflammatory demyelinating pathology, is typically associated with the clinical phenotypes acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), optic neuritis (ON), or transverse myelitis (TM). The mainstay of diagnosis is detection of antibodies targeting oligodendrocyte-expressed MOG (MOG-IgG). MOG-IgG-mediated demyelination occurs via complement-dependent … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Mar 13;78:101941. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101941. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT In celiac disease (CeD), dietary gluten serves as the driver for a comparatively well characterized small bowel mucosal immune response that generally results in small bowel mucosal villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia along with a disease-specific transglutaminase 2 (TG2) targeting autoantibody response. Individuals … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Mar 8;78:101933. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101933. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Itch is an unpleasant sensation that is encoded by specific sensory neurons called pruriceptors. Itch is associated with almost all skin diseases. Recent studies revealed that many itchy skin diseases are associated with microbiome dysbiosis. Pathogenic microbes secrete proteases and toxins to invade … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Jan 17;77:101931. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101931. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Cancer remains a formidable global health challenge requiring the continued exploration of innovative therapeutic approaches. While traditional treatment strategies including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy have had some success, primarily in early-stage disease, the quest for more targeted, personalized, safer, and effective therapies … Read more