Seminars in Immunology

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 22;78:101958. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101958. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immune regulation is a key function of the skin, a barrier tissue that exhibits spatial compartmentalization of innate and adaptive immune cells. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) have facilitated systems-based investigations into the molecular and cellular features … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 22;78:101954. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101954. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large organelle, found in all eukaryotes, that is essential for normal cellular function. This function encompasses protein folding and quality control, post-translational modifications, lipid regulation, and the storage of intracellular calcium, among others. These diverse processes are … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 22;78:101959. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101959. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is undermining global efforts to eliminate tuberculosis (TB). Most studies found that patients with pulmonary TB and DM have more cavitary lung lesions, higher mycobacterial burden on the lungs, longer periods of infectiousness, and worse outcomes. … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 22;78:101955. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101955. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Autoimmune encephalitides (AEs) are neurological disorders caused by autoantibodies against neuronal and glial surface proteins. Nearly 20 years after their discovery, AE have evolved from being frequently misdiagnosed and untreated to a growing group of increasingly well-characterized conditions where patients benefit from targeted … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 9;78:101953. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101953. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Cellular stress responses are pivotal in maintaining tissue homeostasis and intricately linked with various diseases. Macrophages, a key player of innate immune system, exhibit remarkable plasticity and responsiveness to environmental cues. In response to various cellular stresses, macrophages contribute to tissue homeostasis and … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 9;78:101952. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101952. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT IL-37, as a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, has been extensively characterized as a critical immunoregulatory molecule that suppresses both innate and adaptive immune responses. This cytokine demonstrates constitutive and inducible expression patterns across various immune and non-immune cells in response to … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 9;78:101951. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101951. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Tumor growth and spread are sustained by the tumor microenvironment. Inflammatory cells and pathways have a fundamental role in the tumor microenvironment, driving or conditioning the functional activation of other leukocyte subsets and favoring evasion of anti-tumor immunity. One of the inflammatory pathways … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 8;78:101949. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101949. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones with diverse and important roles in the physiologic response to stress. These include permissive and suppressive effects on immunity, which help prepare the organism for future infectious stressors and control the immunological response to a recent stressor, preventing … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 2;78:101947. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101947. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in which complex networks of interacting immune cells initiate and sustain the disease. The pathogenesis of relapsing MS is driven by adaptive immune cells that become activated outside the … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 2;78:101950. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101950. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The hallmarks of cancer are a set of traits that normal cells acquire during their transformation into malignancy. Among the biological processes influencing these hallmarks, the innate immune complement system plays a critical role. It can operate canonically-in blood and tissues-via phagocytosis, inflammation, … Read more