Seminars in Immunology

Semin Immunol. 2025 May 14;78:101962. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101962. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a chronic orphan neurological sleep disorder characterized by the loss of hypocretin-producing neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, which play a crucial role in wakefulness. Given the genetic association with the HLA-DQB1 * 06:02 allele and environmental links with … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 May 9;78:101964. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101964. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Vaccines induce quantitively and qualitatively different effector responses between populations but also between individuals within populations. Several factors are known to affect the success of vaccination, including age, gender, co-infections (e.g. HIV), pre-existing inflammatory status and co-morbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 28;78:101961. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101961. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Celiac disease and food-allergy are both food-related chronic immune disorders with a common pathogenic link being breakdown in the gut tolerance to otherwise innocuous food antigens. Notwithstanding the similarities, there are significant differences in the pathogenesis of both disorders, which translates to variations … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 27;78:101956. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101956. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has revolutionised cancer therapy, and patients who were previously incurable can now have excellent responses. These therapies work by blocking inhibitory immune pathways, like cytotoxic T … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 26;78:101957. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101957. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT In response to stress stimuli, cells have evolved various mechanisms to integrate internal and external signals to achieve dynamic homeostasis. Lysine acetyltransferase (KATs) and deacetyltransferase (KDACs) are the key modulators of epigenetic modifications, enabling cells to modulate cellular responses through the acetylation and … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 23;78:101960. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101960. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Coeliac disease and food allergy management primarily relies on the strict avoidance of dietary antigens. This approach is challenging to maintain in real-world settings and in food allergy carries the risk of life-threatening anaphylaxis. Despite their distinct pathogenesis, both disorders are driven by … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 22;78:101958. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101958. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immune regulation is a key function of the skin, a barrier tissue that exhibits spatial compartmentalization of innate and adaptive immune cells. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) have facilitated systems-based investigations into the molecular and cellular features … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 22;78:101954. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101954. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large organelle, found in all eukaryotes, that is essential for normal cellular function. This function encompasses protein folding and quality control, post-translational modifications, lipid regulation, and the storage of intracellular calcium, among others. These diverse processes are … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 22;78:101959. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101959. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is undermining global efforts to eliminate tuberculosis (TB). Most studies found that patients with pulmonary TB and DM have more cavitary lung lesions, higher mycobacterial burden on the lungs, longer periods of infectiousness, and worse outcomes. … Read more

Semin Immunol. 2025 Apr 22;78:101955. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2025.101955. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Autoimmune encephalitides (AEs) are neurological disorders caused by autoantibodies against neuronal and glial surface proteins. Nearly 20 years after their discovery, AE have evolved from being frequently misdiagnosed and untreated to a growing group of increasingly well-characterized conditions where patients benefit from targeted … Read more