The Journal of Immunology

J Immunol. 2025 May 9:vkaf055. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf055. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The current array of traditional antibacterial agents targeting Gram-negative infections are failing to meet the clinical need. Here we present a novel, bifunctional immunotherapy (CTX-09) with the ability to harness endogenous anti-galactose-alpha-1,3-galactosyl-beta-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosamine (anti-αGal) antibodies to drive immune-mediated clearance of Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 May 8:vkaf079. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf079. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The Phase 2 IMPRIME 1 study evaluated the combination of the pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) Imprime with the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) pembrolizumab as second or later line of treatment (2 L+) for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). Eligible patients with … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 May 7:vkaf088. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf088. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Pulmonary type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) exhibit immune memory, termed “trained immunity,” which enhances their activation following exposure to an independent protease-containing allergen. The role of prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), a cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway metabolite, in modulating these trained ILC2 responses remains unclear. … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 May 7:vkaf085. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf085. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are critical for managing autoimmunity such as multiple sclerosis (MS), yet concerns exist regarding their impact on viral infections. B-cell depletion (α-CD20) and IFN-β are 2 DMTs with seemingly opposing effects on viral infections. Pre-vaccine COVID-19 data linked B-cell depletion … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 May 7:vkaf082. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf082. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT A novel subset of classical major histocompatibility complex class I molecules has recently been identified in rhesus monkeys that mediates the presentation of N-myristoylated lipopeptides, rather than conventional peptides, to CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). For example, the rhesus Mamu-B*098 allomorph binds an … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 May 5:vkaf075. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf075. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT T cells undergo many metabolic changes throughout the different phases of their response in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues. Cell metabolism meets demands for energy and biosynthesis, particularly during cell division and effector differentiation. As costimulatory receptors, CD28 and various TNF receptor (TNFR) family … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 May 2:vkaf062. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf062. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Expression of the BCR is essential for survival, development, and effector functions of B cells. Naive B cells express surface IgM and IgD, while surface IgG1 is expressed by class-switched (memory) B cells. Despite similar overall structures, the different BCR isotypes show differences … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 30:vkaf043. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf043. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immunostimulants can be highly effective anti-cancer therapeutics; however, their systemic use is often limited by adverse reactions (AEs). Formulating immunostimulants into nanoparticle systems can potentially alleviate these, but nanoparticle design is key. In previous studies, we encountered anti-nanoparticle reactions with systemically administered PEGylated … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 30:vkaf066. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf066. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) is a naturally occurring pneumotropic coronavirus in the pig, providing a valuable large animal model to study acute respiratory disease. PRCV pathogenesis and the resulting immune response were investigated in pigs, the natural large animal host. We compared 2 … Read more

J Immunol. 2025 Apr 28:vkaf070. doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf070. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:40294373 | DOI:10.1093/jimmun/vkaf070