Human pyrin and HIN domain (PYHIN) family proteins play central roles in the host defense against viral infection. These PYHIN proteins, including IFI16, AIM2, MNDA and PYHIN1, mainly function as intracellular DNA sensors. Among them, IFI16 is supporte…
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a condition caused by the ascension of pathogenic microorganisms from the lower genital tract to the uterus and/or fallopian tubes, and is one of the most common clinical syndromes among women of reproductive age. T…
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling is a major oncogenic pathway in multiple cancer types and an important determinant of therapeutic response and resistance. However, its role in coordinating apoptotic susceptibility with tumor immune e…
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes and a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Recently, immune and inflammatory mechanisms have been recognized as critical in the pathogenesis of DKD, am…
While immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 has revolutionized the treatment of skin cancers, a significant proportion of patients with advanced melanoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) exhibit primary or acquired resi…
S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) is conventionally viewed as a marker of astrocytic injury, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and neurological disorders. Emerging evidence places S100B within the broader brain–gut–liver axis of inflammatory s…
S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) is conventionally viewed as a marker of astrocytic injury, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and neurological disorders. Emerging evidence places S100B within the broader brain–gut–liver axis of inflammatory s…
The immune system leverages B and T cells to recognize specific molecular patterns, known as epitopes, on pathogens and cancer cells to effectively combat infections and diseases. The critical success of immunotherapies in cancer treatment and COVID-19…
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a widespread chronic liver disease that can progress from steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Its pathogenesis involves lipotoxicity, iron …
Clinical outcomes in hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis remain highly heterogeneous. Despite comparable lipid burdens, patients may experience anything from mild interstitial edema to fulminant necrotizing disease, a divergence that cur…
