Mapping TCRs to antigens at scale presents a major challenge. Gaglione et al. develop an approach to rapidly synthesize and screen thousands of TCRs, enabling broad TCR-antigen screening. Examining T cell specificity in vitiligo uncovers autoreactive T…
Cytosolic nucleic acid sensors contribute to pathogenic and autoinflammatory inflammation; however, little is known about the metabolic adaptations that they induce. Dunphy et al. find that these pathways induce type I interferon-dependent metabolic ch…
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) enhance cancer progression by driving angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and immune suppression, yet their impact on nerve growth is unclear. Dolci and colleagues show that TAMs directly stimulate neurite…
In cellular immunity, cytotoxic lymphocytes-derived granzyme A (GZMA) targets the pore-forming protein GSDMB in target cells to confer pyroptotic killing, but how GZMA specifically recognizes and cleaves GSDMB is unknown. Zhong et al. demonstrate that …
The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is elevated in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease. Pires et al. find that the cytokine TL1A stimulates production of GM-CSF by ILC3s, which triggers emergency granulopoiesis and neutrophil recruitment a…
Commensal microbes shape host immunity at barrier tissues and promote resistance to infection. Xu et al. identify a commensal Corynebacterium-derived lipid that activates IL-17⁺ γδ T cells via T cell receptor and IL-1 signaling, enhancing barrier defen…
IL-9 is canonically associated with anti-helminth and allergic immunity. However, in this issue of Immunity, Jiang et al. and Castelli et al. demonstrate how integrating IL-9 signaling in T cells enhances their persistence and anti-tumor function in so…
Regulatory T (Treg) cells suppress immune responses and are considered a major barrier to productive anti-tumor immunity. In this issue of Immunity, Huang et al. report that interleukin (IL)-10-producing Treg cells restrain tumor growth by suppressing …
Immune cells from the skull marrow reach the meninges through bone channels. In this issue of Immunity, Eme-Scolan and colleagues show that these channels form neonatally and can be remodeled to alter immune access to the brain’s borders. Their work su…
A long-standing debate in the field asks whether resident tissue macrophages are terminally differentiated or remain capable of changing their fate and function during inflammation. In this issue of Immunity, Verwaerde et al. uncover an IRF4-driven cir…
