Negative regulatory ligands have been underexplored for B cells. Su et al. identify fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) as a new inhibitory ligand for a transmembrane activator and calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) on a subset of …
Fang and Schneider review how bile acids connect host metabolism, microbial ecology, and tumor immunity. They present a spatial and cell-type-aware framework for bile acid immunomodulation and discuss therapeutic opportunities to remodel bile acid-immu…
Using CRISPR-based TCR editing, Chi et al. systematically compare gut TCRs recognizing dietary, microbial, and self-antigens to define the principles that govern peripheral Treg cell differentiation. They find that TCR identity encodes pTreg cell gener…
Adherent cells mimic the mechanical properties of their surroundings, becoming stiffer in more rigid environments and softer in more compliant ones. Elbanna et al. find that this environmentally induced stiffening response shapes metastatic site distri…
How brain-resident microglia regulate T cell immunity during glioma progression remains unclear. Qian et al. show that disease-associated microglia (DAMs) are not fixed suppressors but instead evolve with tumor stage. DAMs transition from antigen-prese…
Innate immune recognition of bacteria is thought to center on cell-surface or endosomal pattern recognition receptors such as TLRs. Ragland et al. identify an intraphagosomal cyclic dinucleotide (CDN)-host transporter-STING axis, wherein cytoplasmic ST…
High endothelial venules (HEVs) facilitate lymphocyte entry into lymph nodes by displaying peripheral node addressin (PNAd), yet how PNAd is regulated remains poorly understood. Jacobs et al. reveal that autophagy preserves HEV identity and function by…
Macrophage plasticity and function involve precise regulation of transcriptional programs. Tzerpos et al. find that the transcription factor BACH1 establishes early chromatin accessibility while maintaining transcriptionally repressive states in naive …
Bioelectronic technologies are being deployed to treat many inflammatory conditions using transcutaneous auricular nerve stimulation. Shibuya et al. employ viral tracing, chemogenetics, and optogenetics to unveil a sensory skin-lung vagal reflex that s…
Metabolic alterations and neutrophils define the pre-metastatic niche, but the mechanisms connecting them remain incompletely understood. In this issue of Immunity, Qian et al. show that endothelial-derived palmitate induces neutrophils to release lipo…
