Recurrence is a major clinical challenge in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Gu et al. examine human HCC samples to identify drivers of disease recurrence and find that inhibiting the cholesterol esterification enzyme SOAT1 impairs tumor redox resilienc…
Extrinsic factors that support CD8+ T cell responses during chronic viral infection are incompletely defined. Gago da Graça et al. identify a crucial role for B cells in triggering type I interferon production, thereby promoting T cell effector formati…
Extracellular ATP (eATP) is associated with immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) via its metabolite adenosine. Hu et al. find that immunotherapy increases eATP within the TME and drives immune suppression through direct binding of the…
West Nile virus and other neurotrophic arboviruses can cause life-threatening encephalitis. Lewy et al. identify a cross-organ immune circuit where viral pattern sensing in the skin potently counteracts viral encephalitis. Mechanistically, the establis…
Aerobic glycolysis, a hallmark of cancer, preferentially converts pyruvate into lactate. Guo et al. demonstrate that tumor aerobic glycolysis drives lactate production through PKM2-mediated phosphorylation and activation of LDHA. Lactate directly binds…
(Immunity 59, 458–476.e1–e13; February 10, 2026)
Understanding FcγR engagement and signaling is central to improving monoclonal antibody therapeutics. Using structural, biophysical, and cellular immunology approaches, Fisher et al. demonstrate how disparate off rates drive the agonism and antagonism …
The transcription factor Eomes orchestrates the differentiation and maintenance of an exhausted-like Th cell lineage that is transcriptionally and functionally distinct from conventional effector and memory Th subsets. This lineage is amplified by 4-1B…
CD4+ T helper cells are essential for adaptive immunity; however, factors governing their maintenance and function during chronic antigen exposure remain unclear. Wen et al. identify a precursor T cell population, dependent on TOX, EOMES, and MYB, that…
Lymph nodes initiate protective T cell responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis yet also serve as sites of chronic infection. Shamskhou et al. shed light on this paradox by showing a shift from early dendritic cell-driven Th1 cell priming to monocyte-de…
