Spatiotemporal dynamics of CXCL10 encode contextual immune information revealed by the genetically encoded fluorescent sensor
(Immunity 58, 2320–2335.e1–e9; September 9, 2025)
Immunity
Macrophage metabolic exhaustion and PANoptotic cell death drive chronic tissue inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid joints contain macrophages with reparative potential, yet inflammation persists. Huang et al. demonstrate that these homeostatic macrophages lose their protective role by undergoing PANoptotic death. Mechanistically, C1q activates the mitoch…
HIF-1α+ CD4+ T cells coordinate a tissue-resident immune cell network in the lung
Tertiary lymphoid structures are critical components of tissue immunity, necessitating better understanding of their organization and immune functions. De Lima et al. investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of lung HIF-1α-active CD4⁺ T cells….
MafB is a conserved transcriptional regulator of macrophage development and functional identity across tissues and species
Resident macrophage maturation and tissue-specific identity depend on transcriptional programming, yet how conserved regulators universally drive these programs remains unresolved across tissues. Vanneste et al. identify MafB as a key transcriptional r…
Immunity in Alzheimer’s disease: From mechanisms to therapies
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is driven by dynamic interactions between innate and adaptive immunity. Colonna, Chen, and Holtzman review recent advances in the genetic and mechanistic understanding of how microglia and T cells shape AD progression, and disc…
Oxidative-stress-induced telomere instability drives T cell dysfunction in cancer
(Immunity 58, 2524–2540.e1–e5; October 14, 2025)
A longitudinal study of children identifies antibody Fc-mediated functions and antigen targets of immunity to Plasmodium vivax malaria
Understanding immunity against Plasmodium vivax, a leading cause of malaria, will accelerate development of vaccines, which are currently lagging. Opi et al. identify important mechanisms and target antigens of protective P. vivax immunity in children,…
B lymphocytes that enter the germinal center late preferentially differentiate into memory cells that recognize subdominant epitopes
Using a dual-recombinase fate-mapping system to trace late-entry invader B cells in germinal centers, Zhou et al. show that across vaccination and influenza infection, invaders preferentially generate memory B cells, whose antibodies target subdominant…
HIV broadly neutralizing antibody escape dynamics drive the outcome of AAV-vectored immunotherapy in humanized mice
Broadly neutralizing antibodies are promising therapeutics for ending the HIV pandemic; however, their clinical efficacy is undermined by viral escape. Galvez, Nitido, et al. could drive the therapeutic outcomes of vectored immunotherapy in humanized m…
Sensory neuron production of substance P and TAFA4 promotes disease tolerance during viral infection
Neuroimmune interactions shape host responses to infection, but the molecular role of sensory neurons during viral infection remains unclear. Roger et al. show that HSV-1-activated sensory neurons produce substance P and TAFA4, which act in a tissue-sp…