SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccine-induced immunity is thought to wane quickly based on short-term studies. Using longitudinal data, Srivastava et al. find that participants with hybrid immunity show faster, higher antibody responses after initial vaccinati…
While Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) plays important roles in the CNS, its role in microglia is unclear. Huang et al. find that NKAα1 inhibits microglia activation by forming a complex with P2X7R. Stress decreases membrane expression of NKAα1, facilitating P2X7R-…
LAG-3, TIM-3, and TIGIT comprise the next generation of immune checkpoint receptors being harnessed in the clinic.In this review, Joller et al. review advances in our understanding of the specialized functions of LAG-3, TIM-3, and TIGIT, focusing on th…
Diabetes is known to increase susceptibility to respiratory infections, but the underlying basis remains elusive. In a recent study in Nature, Nobs et al. showed that hyperglycemia impinges on the histone acetylation landscape to impair the ability of …
Disease-associated microglia (DAMs) are a unique microglial state in development and various CNS pathologies. In this issue of Immunity, Lan and colleagues provide novel insights into the diversity of DAMs in CNS diseases, revealing their terminal fate…
Neutrophils are heterogeneous, but the mechanisms underlying their ability to polarize remain unclear. In this issue of Immunity, Gour et al. demonstrate that the GPCR Mrgpra1 and the neuropeptide NPFF, molecules involved in pain and itch, direct neutr…
Tight regulation of immune responses is critical. In this review, Sharpe and colleagues review inhibitory members of the B7-CD28 family and their roles in regulating immune responses with an emphasis on CTLA-4, PD-1, and the increasingly complex networ…
Different antibodies can bind to the same targets on the surface of immune cells with opposite biologic effects. These effects—agonism, antagonism, or partial agonism—are so poorly understood that drug developers must screen antibodies for relevant des…
How commensals influence intestinal immunity is incompletely understood. In this issue of Immunity, Eshleman et al. demonstrate that microbiota-derived butyrate restrains tuft cell development via HDAC3 modulation in intestinal epithelial cells, showin…
Tuft cells are central regulators of type 2 immunity in the intestine. Eshleman et al. reveal that commensal bacterial-derived butyrate restricts stem cell development into tuft cells through the epigenetic-modifying enzyme HDAC3. The microbiota can th…
