γδIELs are essential for intestinal homeostasis, but how their differentiation and cytotoxic function are regulated remains unclear. Xie et al. demonstrate two functionally distinct γδIEL subsets, CD160+TCF1+BCL6+ stem-like and GZMB+BLIMP1+ effector-li…
Microplastics pose a substantial threat to human health, but their effect on phagocytosis is unknown. Codo et al. find that polystyrene microplastics accumulate in different types of tissue-resident phagocytes, disrupting homeostatic clearance of apopt…
Antibodies generated by prior immune responses regulate B cell responses upon recall immunization. Barbulescu et al. examine whether antibodies produced by an ongoing immune response influence the outcomes of contemporaneous germinal centers (GCs) and …
Vaccine-induced long-lived plasma cells protect the host by secreting neutralizing antibodies, yet the mechanism regulating their lifespan remains unclear. Here, Zhu et al. reveal that fasting depletes long-lived plasma cells and thus impairs humoral i…
Emotional stress worsens atopic dermatitis and its overall burden, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Xie et al. reveal that anxiety amplifies atopic dermatitis through sympathetic nervous system activation. Sympathetic release of norepineph…
Tumor-infiltrating NK cells are often dysfunctional. Ji et al. show that the solid tumor microenvironment metabolome drives proteostasis imbalance and dysfunction in tumor-infiltrating NK cells and demonstrate that deletion of Fli1, a transcriptional r…
While dendritic cells (DCs) are central to adaptive immunity against pathogens, their specific role in maintaining peripheral self-tolerance in humans remains poorly defined. Lu et al. uncover a distinct homeostatic maturation state in human cDC2s (ter…
The cytosolic LPS sensor caspase-4 controls antibacterial immunity by inducing pyroptosis and cytokine secretion. Began et al. show how remodeling of LPS membranes by interferon-induced GTPase GBP1 promotes the formation of positively curved membrane r…
Feedback from circulating antibodies can shape initiating immune responses. Yan et al. examine ongoing germinal center (GC) responses upon immunization with an mRNA-LNP-encoded membrane-bound immunogen displaying three conserved HIV-1 envelope epitopes…
Tissue inflammation introduces unique, and often harsh, environments for immune cells. During allergic airway inflammation, pathogenic ILC2s proliferate robustly and drive pathology, but how do they overcome the nutrient-depleted environment? In this i…
