Tethered IL15-IL15R{alpha} augments antitumor activity of CD19 CAR-T cells but displays long-term toxicity in an immunocompetent lymphoma mouse model

Background
Adoptive cell therapy using genetically modified T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T) has shown encouraging results, particularly in certain blood cancers. Nevertheless, over 40% of B cell malignancy patients experience a r…

Autoantibody-positivity before and seroconversion during treatment with anti-PD-1 is associated with immune-related adverse events in patients with melanoma

Introduction
Treatment with the immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) often causes immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Since irAEs resemble autoimmune diseases, autoantibodies might play a role and could potentiall…

Distinct host preconditioning regimens differentially impact the antitumor potency of adoptively transferred Th17 cells

Background
How distinct methods of host preconditioning impact the efficacy of adoptively transferred antitumor T helper cells is unknown.

Methods
CD4+ T cells with a transgenic T-cell receptor that recognize tyrosinase-related peptide (TRP)-1 melano…

Tumor cell-released autophagosomes (TRAPs) induce PD-L1-decorated NETs that suppress T-cell function to promote breast cancer pulmonary metastasis

Background
Lung metastasis is the primary cause of breast cancer-related mortality. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in the progression of breast cancer. However, the mechanism of NET formation is not fully understood. This study pos…

Expression of VISTA regulated via IFN-{gamma} governs endogenous T-cell function and exhibits correlation with the efficacy of CD19 CAR-T cell treated B-malignant mice

Background
Despite continuous improvements in the new target and construction of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T, relapse remains a significant challenge following CAR-T therapy. Tumor microenvironment (TME) strongly correlates with the efficacy of …

Fc-Fc interactions and immune inhibitory effects of IgG4: implications for anti-PD-1 immunotherapies

Background
The majority of anti-programmed cell-death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) use S228P mutation IgG4 as the structural basis to avoid the activation of immune cells or complement. However, little attention has been paid to the Fc–…

Correlation of Ktrans derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with treatment response and survival in locally advanced NSCLC patients undergoing induction immunochemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of pretreatment dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI parameters concerning tumor response following induction immunochemotherapy and survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced…

Understanding the dynamics of TKI-induced changes in the tumor immune microenvironment for improved therapeutic effect

Background
The dynamic interplay between tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the therapeutic trajectory of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Understanding the functional dynamics and …

Protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 promotes PD-L1 stability to drive immune evasion and directs liver cancer to immunotherapy

Background and aims
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an essential role in cancer progression and immunotherapy response. Despite the considerable advancements in cancer immunotherapy, the limited response to immune checkpoint b…

Integrated analysis of tertiary lymphoid structures and immune infiltration in ccRCC microenvironment revealed their clinical significances: a multicenter cohort study

Background
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) serve as organized lymphoid aggregates that influence immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. This study aims to investigate the characteristics and clinical significance of TLSs and tumor-inf…

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