Chang Ma – InmunoES

Efficacy, safety, and PD-L1–defined outcomes of neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

12 de August de 2026 by Chang Ma

BackgroundNeoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy improve pathological complete response in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer, but the consistency of benefit, role of PD-L1 expression, and immune-related toxicity rem…

Reprogramming the immunosuppressive breast cancer microenvironment: integrating cellular, metabolic, and stromal targets for rational immunotherapy

13 de February de 2026 by Chang Ma

Breast cancer, a highly heterogeneous malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, is profoundly shaped in its initiation, progression, and therapeutic response by the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). This revi…