BackgroundMelioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a potentially fatal infection endemic to Southeast Asia and northern Australia. Disseminated disease with bacteremia and multifocal organ involvement carries high mortality, particularly am…
BackgroundChronic mercury exposure may be a potential risk factor for anti-LGI1/Caspr2 autoimmune encephalitis (AE). The effect of chelation therapy on coexisting AE is unknown.MethodsWe report three patients from West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan Un…
BackgroundThe UNC13D gene encodes Munc13-4, a critical regulator of cytotoxic granule exocytosis in lymphocytes and the protein responsible for familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL). As an essential mediator of perforin release from cytotox…
The coexistence of stiff person syndrome (SPS) and myasthenia gravis (MG) is exceptionally rare, with fewer than 20 cases reported to date. Thymoma has been identified in a substantial proportion of these patients, suggesting a potential shared autoimm…
BackgroundTuberculous meningoencephalitis and autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy display similar clinical features, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles, and neuroimaging patterns, which contribute to a high rate of misdiagn…
We present a 69-year-old female patient who initially manifested with depression and anhedonia, initially misdiagnosed as primary psychiatric illness. She subsequently developed progressive gait instability and cognitive decline. After comprehensive cl…
Background and aimsDifferentiating neoplastic proliferation from inflammatory fibrosis in peripheral nerve hypertrophy is critical. We report a patient with a neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) deletion exhibiting extreme diffuse nerve enlargement and chro…
Immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced diabetes mellitus (ICI-DM) is a rare but potentially life-threatening endocrine immune-related adverse event, often characterized by abrupt onset of insulin deficiency and frequent presentation with diabetic ketoaci…
BackgroundStrongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) is a soil-transmitted nematode predominantly endemic to tropical and subtropical regions, capable of causing life-threatening hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated infection in immunocompromised i…
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis characterized by asthma, eosinophilia, and multi-organ involvement. Adolescent-onset disease is uncommon, and evidence guidi…
