In recent years, mpox has emerged as a significant global public health threat. The widespread distribution of the virus, coupled with the legacy of historical smallpox vaccination, has underscored the critical need to serologically distinguish between…
Gastric cancer remains a highly lethal malignancy characterized by late diagnosis, limited therapeutic responsiveness, and a profoundly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Among the diverse cellular components shaping this ecosystem, tumor-associ…
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is increasingly recognized as a systemic inflammatory disease accompanied by substantial glucolipid metabolic disturbances and an elevated risk of diabetes. Beyond articular inflammation, persistent immune activation reshape…
Ischemic stroke induces complex neuroimmune responses that extend beyond acute neuronal injury and involve dynamic interactions among microglia, the neurovascular unit, and peripheral immune cells. Microglia rapidly transition from homeostatic surveill…
Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome driven by a dysregulated host response to infection, characterised by dynamic and overlapping phases of hyperinflammation and immune suppression. Despite advances in critical care, effective immunomodulatory therap…
Autoimmune diseases affect 5–10% of the global population, with a prevalence of 13% in women and 7% in men. Despite advances in immunology, the molecular basis of immune dysregulation remains limited. Nardilysin (NRD convertase, NRDc), a zinc-dependent…
Osteosarcoma remains difficult to cure once it metastasizes, recurs, or becomes resistant to chemotherapy. Surgery combined with multi-drug chemotherapy improves outcomes in localized disease, but outcomes for high-risk patients have plateaued, prompti…
Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignancy characterized by inherent chemoresistance, a high propensity for pulmonary metastasis, and dismal survival rates in patients with advanced or refractory disease. While immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer tre…
The therapeutic landscape for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been transformed by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), yet significant response heterogeneity necessitates robust, dynamic predictive biomarkers. Conventional tissue-based …
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have transformed the epidemiology of pneumococcal disease while providing a real-world model for understanding how vaccination reshapes antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Streptococcus pneumoniae. In this Mini Revi…
