European Journal of Immunology

UBL3 Participates in the Early Stages of CD83‐Dependent CD4+ T Cell Selection. [[{“value”:”Huw Morgan, Haiyin Liu, Jose A. Villadangos, Justine D. Mintern”}]]

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CD83 and UBL3 are regulators of MHCII surface expression; however, only CD83 has a known role in regulating CD4+ T cell selection. This paper describes a role for UBL3 in regulating MHC II expression on thymic epithelium in a CD83-deficient context, leading to alterations in CD4+ T cell positive selection. ABSTRACT CD83 is critical for … Read more

A Novel Murine Model of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis‐Like Inflammation in ZNFX1 Deficiency. [[{“value”:”Diana Tintor, Samantha Milanesi, Tommaso Marchetti, Tiziana Lorenzini, Severin Walser, Junyi Chen, Julius Köppen, Achim Weber, Ola Sabet, Jana Pachlopnik Schmid”}]]

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LCMV-infected Znfx1-deficient mice develop hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)-like immune dysregulation, mirroring key aspects of the immunopathology observed in ZNFX1-deficient patients. ABSTRACT Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe inflammatory syndrome characterized by persistent activation of lymphocytes and macrophages. Recently, deleterious autosomal recessive mutations in ZNFX1 were reported to predispose pediatric patients to HLH-like disease upon viral trigger. … Read more

Gene Regulatory Programs of NK Cells Show That NCAM1 (CD56) and KIRs Are Controlled by Genetically Polymorphic Distal Regulatory Elements. [[{“value”:”Mariam A. Salem, Aditi Varkey, Matthew D. Estrada, Kruthika Sharma, Caprice D. Eisele, Nitin Chakravarti, Dean A. Lee, Aharon G. Freud, Bethany L. Mundy‐Bosse, Patrick L. Collins”}]]

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A deeper understanding of the natural killer cell gene expression regulation driving NK cell maturation and cytotoxicity could provide critical insights into optimizing NK therapies. Our findings reveal novel enhancers governing NK cell genes for NCAM1/CD56 and cis-regulation for KIR receptors and clarify existing models of NK cell cis-accessibility regulation. ABSTRACT Owing to their immunoprotective … Read more

Microbial‐Immune Interplay in CNS Autoimmune Diseases: Lessons from Animal Models and Clinical Studies. [[{“value”:”Matteo Ceccon, Francesca Ronchi”}]]

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Mechanism of action of the intestinal microbiota on CNS autoimmune diseases. Environmental factors shape gut microbiota composition; dysbiosis alters microbial metabolites and antigenic signals. These modulate innate and adaptive immunity, affect barrier integrity, and influence CNS-resident cells such as microglia and astrocytes, contributing to immune-mediated CNS pathology. Multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), … Read more

Proteomic Analysis of Regulated Dendritic Cell Endosomes Reveals Dynamic Adaptation to Antigen Uptake and Cross‐Presentation. [[{“value”:”Alice Senni, Louise Grumbach, Sara Ceccacci, Mathieu Frechin, Nicolas Goudin, Ida Chiara Guerrera, Barbara Bertocci, Peter van Endert”}]]

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Phagocytosis of yeast activates recruitment of proteases and trafficking factors from the secretory and endosomal pathways to the IRAP compartment and subsequently phagosomes, promoting cross-presentation. In the absence of Sec22b, IRAP endosome and phagosome maturation to late endosomes is accelerated. ABSTRACT MHC class I (MHC-I) cross-presentation involves final proteolytic peptide processing by the endosomal insulin-regulated … Read more

A Cell‐Intrinsic Role for RANK in Regulatory T Cells of the Human Thymus. [[{“value”:”Zoe‐Isabella Junginger, Ramona Adameck, Alexandre A. S. F. Raposo, Pedro Rosmaninho, Ana E. Sousa, Afonso R. M. Almeida”}]]

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We identified RANK (TNFRSF11a) expression in human thymic FOXP3+ Tregs, revealing a previously unknown role for the RANK-RANKL axis in human tTreg development. We show that IL-2 and IL-15 can drive RANK expression in CD4+ tTregs, which in turn may modulate their maturation and proliferation within the thymic environment. Created in BioRender. Biorender, I. (2026) … Read more

Cover Story: Eur. J. Immunol. 2’26.

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Our cover features images related to flow cytometry techniques widely used for analysis of function and phenotypes of major human and murine immune cell subsets, superimposed on a multidimensional immune cell population scatter plot. These images are taken from the third edition of EJI’s Flow Cytometry Guidelines by Cossarizza et al., a comprehensive resource prepared … Read more

Stabilization of Human CD8+ Treg in Inflammatory Environments Through FOXP3 Expression. [[{“value”:”Séverine Bézie, Jenny Greig, Sonia Salle, Juliette Lasselin, Lisa Dugast, Laurent Tesson, Céline Sérazin, Nadège Vimond, Ignacio Anegon, Carole Guillonneau”}]]

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Specific pro-inflammatory cytokines destabilize CD8+ Tregs, altering their phenotype and reducing FOXP3 expression. Enforced FOXP3 expression, or the upregulation of its molecular regulators, partially protects CD8+ Tregs from inflammatory disruption, restoring their phenotype and maintaining suppressive function under inflammatory conditions. ABSTRACT Cell therapy using regulatory T cells (Tregs) holds therapeutic promise in immune-mediated diseases, but … Read more

Developmental Impact of Maternal Immune Activation on the Fetal Immune System and Lung. [[{“value”:”Walaa Jradi, Kira Duhm, Clarissa Prazeres da Costa”}]]

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Maternal immune activation triggers elevated cytokines (IL-6 and IL-17A), disrupting fetal immune system development. This not only alters hematopoietic stem cell balance but also leads to ILC2 hyperactivation in the lung, which could potentially affect susceptibility to allergic diseases in the offspring. ABSTRACT Maternal immune activation (MIA) refers to an immune response triggered in a … Read more

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