Efficacy and safety of one-time autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cell therapy in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Background
Recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a high recurrence rate after first-line immunotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy. The presence of a high density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in HNSCC tumo…

Multiomics integration analysis identifies tumor cell-derived MIF as a therapeutic target and potentiates anti-PD-1 therapy in osteosarcoma

Background
Osteosarcoma is a highly aggressive cancer, and the efficacy of existing therapies has plateaued. Multiomics integration analysis can identify novel therapeutic targets for various cancers and therefore shows potential toward osteosarcoma t…

Immune-related adverse events of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in patients with perioperative cancer: a machine-learning-driven, decade-long informatics investigation

Research on neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NAI) is increasingly focusing on immunotherapy-related adverse events (AEs). However, many unknowns remain in this field. Hence, through the machine learning (ML)-driven informatics analysis, this study aimed to …

Interleukin-12 encoded by the oncolytic virus VSV-GP enhances therapeutic antitumor efficacy by inducing CD8+ T-cell responses with a long-lived effector cell phenotype

Background
Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotyped with the glycoprotein (GP) of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (VSV-GP) represents a potent oncolytic virus (OV). Oncolytic virotherapy is an emerging anticancer approach that uses viruses …

HPV16 E6 and E7 expressing cancer cells suppress the antitumor immune response by upregulating KLF2-mediated IL-23 expression in macrophages

Background
Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) positive cancers have a tumor environment that induces antigen-presenting cells to increase IL-23 expression. Unclear is if HPV16 E6/E7 oncoproteins expressed in these cancers play a role in upregulating…

Pharmacological and structural characterization of vibostolimab, a novel anti-TIGIT blocking antibody for cancer immunotherapy

Background
Vibostolimab is a humanized anti-T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and ITIM domains (TIGIT) antibody was recently investigated in late-stage clinical trials. Vibostolimab was developed based on its specific binding property to …

Identification of anti-TIM-3 based checkpoint inhibitor combinations with activity in immunotherapy refractory melanoma models

Background
A significant percentage of melanomas are refractory to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapies and combinations. As there are currently no effective second-line therapies available for ICI-resistant patients, we sought to identify …

Biomineralized engineered Lactococcus lactis-based in situ vaccination enhances antitumor immunity via sequential activation of chemo-immunotherapy

Background
Combining chemotherapy with immunotherapy is a promising strategy to enhance in situ immunity by increasing antigen exposure and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the inconvenience of separate administration and the…

Autoimmune origin for immune checkpoint inhibitor-diabetes revealed by deep immune phenotyping of the pancreas

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-diabetes (CPI-D) is an acute and non-resolving immune-related adverse event (irAE) initiated primarily by disrupting the programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis with monoclonal antibodies. A major l…

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