The tumor microenvironment (TME), composed of tumor cells together with stromal cells, immune cells, vascular networks, and other components, constitutes a complex ecosystem that plays a decisive role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis and t…
Background
ABBV-368 is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the costimulatory receptor OX40. Here, we investigate a treatment strategy with ABBV-368 combined with the investigational toll-like receptor 9 agonist tilsotolimod, the programmed ce…
Background
Natural killer (NK) cells are key effectors in antitumor immunity, yet their function is markedly suppressed by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the tumor microenvironment. SMAD7 is an established intracellular antagonist o…
Background
Checkpoint blockade therapies have demonstrated clinical benefit across multiple cancer types; however, many patients with immune cell infiltration remain non-responsive or develop resistance. This suggests that additional, unidentified reg…
Background
Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) has become the first-line therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, reliable biomarkers to predict therapeutic response remain lacking.
Methods
We conducted a high-throughput…
Background
To date, no radioimmunotherapy (RIT) regimen has been approved by US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of pancreatic cancers. Highly desmoplastic and immune-desert phenotypes of pancreatic cancer remain two major hurdles that a…
Background
Simlukafusp alfa (FAP-IL2v) was engineered to preferentially activate CD8+ T and natural killer (NK) cells in tumor microenvironments overexpressing fibroblast activation protein (FAP). Checkpoint inhibitors combined with antiangiogenic age…
Background and aims
Human solid tumors such as hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) establish a complex immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that undermines the efficacy of existing immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell…
Background
Immune exclusion inhibits antitumor immunity and response to immunotherapy, but its mechanisms remain poorly defined. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive and generally immune-rich subtype, an immune-cold microenvironment …
Background
Identifying the mechanisms underlying resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has become a major focus in cancer immunotherapy. Our previous work identified F2RL1 expression, encoding the G protein-coupled receptor Protease-Activa…
