CPNE1 promotes stemness and confers resistance to GPC3 CAR-T cell therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma via the STAT3-TGF-{beta} signaling pathway
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major global health burden with limited effective therapeutic strategies. Although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown encouraging potential, its efficacy in HCC is profoundly co…