In order to preserve homeostasis, macrophages—phagocytic innate immune cells—interact with different tissue types, modulating immunological responses and secreting a variety of cytokines. They are extensively dispersed throughout the body’s tissues and…
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a devastating malignancy characterized by profound lethality, aggressive local invasion, dismal prognosis, and significant resistance to existing therapies. Two critical biological features underpin the c…
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic progenitor cells that can be derived from a variety of sources including bone marrow and adipose tissues among others. MSCs are plastic adherent and easy to culture ex vivo, making them attractive …
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by sustained synovial inflammation and the gradual destruction of joint structures. Although conventional T cells have historically been viewed as central to RA pathogenesis, incr…
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with only modest improvements in survival despite advances in conventional therapies. Cell-based immunotherapy, which utilizes ex vivo expanded or genetic…
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in lifelong insulin therapy that falls short of a true cure. Beta cell replacement therapies hold immense potential to restore natural insulin prod…
The durability of vaccine-induced protection is a critical parameter in assessing the overall quality and long-term effectiveness of a vaccine. While the lifelong immunity conferred by certain vaccines is well recognized, the molecular components that …
Human pregnancy is a complex condition that poses significant challenges for women due to the necessity of a uterus for key processes such as fertilization, embryo implantation, fetal development, and childbirth. These processes are governed by immunol…
Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-engineered cell therapies excel against hematologic malignancies, however, their efficacy in solid tumors is hampered by toxicity, poor tumor infiltration, immunosuppressive microenvironments, limited persistence, and ex…
This review presents the current knowledge on the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the treatment of various skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, systemic sclerosis, …
