Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a formidable malignancy with persistently poor clinical outcomes. Recent research has underscored the pivotal role of the innate immune system, particularly tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), a key componen…
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a major complication in liver transplantation, hepatic surgeries, and shock-induced acute liver failure. This injury is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and calcium overload, wi…
Immune system plays a central role in the pathogenesis of cancer and autoimmune diseases. An entire field has emerged to identify separate minor cell subpopulations carrying potential molecular targets or activation markers to study their prognostic ro…
As an important livestock species, sheep exhibit remarkable environmental adaptability. Immunoglobulins, expressed by B cells, are among the most crucial effector molecules in adaptive immunity. However, systematic research on the structure and express…
BackgroundUterine leiomyosarcoma (ULSA) is a highly aggressive gynecologic malignancy characterized by early metastasis, profound immunosuppression, and resistance to conventional therapies, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). The intricate tum…
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The tumour microenvironment (TME) is a complex and dynamic environment containing diverse cellular, stromal and soluble factors, that collectively influence cancer progression, immune evasion and therapeutic resistance. Among the immune components of t…
BackgroundDiabetic nephropathy (DN), a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), is driven by complex mechanisms involving mitochondrial dysfunction, senescence, and chronic inflammation. Despite therapeutic advances, interventions specifica…
BackgroundHypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis (HSP) and retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) are rare inflammatory disorders, often associated with immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD). This case underscores the diagnostic intricacies and therapeutic …
BackgroundThe prognosis of kidney transplantation is currently assessed primarily through clinical monitoring, which involves considerable time and financial costs. Estimated plasma volume status (ePVS) has emerged as a straightforward and efficient me…
